cppcheck/lib/programmemory.cpp

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#include "programmemory.h"
#include "astutils.h"
#include "calculate.h"
#include "errortypes.h"
#include "infer.h"
#include "mathlib.h"
#include "settings.h"
#include "symboldatabase.h"
#include "token.h"
#include "valueflow.h"
#include "valueptr.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cmath>
#include <functional>
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#include <limits>
#include <memory>
void ProgramMemory::setValue(nonneg int exprid, const ValueFlow::Value& value)
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{
values[exprid] = value;
}
const ValueFlow::Value* ProgramMemory::getValue(nonneg int exprid, bool impossible) const
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{
const ProgramMemory::Map::const_iterator it = values.find(exprid);
const bool found = it != values.end() && (impossible || !it->second.isImpossible());
if (found)
return &it->second;
else
return nullptr;
}
bool ProgramMemory::getIntValue(nonneg int exprid, MathLib::bigint* result) const
{
const ValueFlow::Value* value = getValue(exprid);
if (value && value->isIntValue()) {
*result = value->intvalue;
return true;
}
return false;
}
void ProgramMemory::setIntValue(nonneg int exprid, MathLib::bigint value, bool impossible)
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{
ValueFlow::Value v(value);
if (impossible)
v.setImpossible();
values[exprid] = v;
}
bool ProgramMemory::getTokValue(nonneg int exprid, const Token** result) const
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{
const ValueFlow::Value* value = getValue(exprid);
if (value && value->isTokValue()) {
*result = value->tokvalue;
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool ProgramMemory::getContainerSizeValue(nonneg int exprid, MathLib::bigint* result) const
{
const ValueFlow::Value* value = getValue(exprid);
if (value && value->isContainerSizeValue()) {
*result = value->intvalue;
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool ProgramMemory::getContainerEmptyValue(nonneg int exprid, MathLib::bigint* result) const
{
const ValueFlow::Value* value = getValue(exprid, true);
if (value && value->isContainerSizeValue()) {
if (value->isImpossible() && value->intvalue == 0) {
*result = false;
return true;
}
if (!value->isImpossible()) {
*result = (value->intvalue == 0);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void ProgramMemory::setContainerSizeValue(nonneg int exprid, MathLib::bigint value, bool isEqual)
{
ValueFlow::Value v(value);
v.valueType = ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::CONTAINER_SIZE;
if (!isEqual)
v.valueKind = ValueFlow::Value::ValueKind::Impossible;
values[exprid] = v;
}
void ProgramMemory::setUnknown(nonneg int exprid)
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{
values[exprid].valueType = ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::UNINIT;
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}
bool ProgramMemory::hasValue(nonneg int exprid)
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{
return values.find(exprid) != values.end();
}
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void ProgramMemory::swap(ProgramMemory &pm)
{
values.swap(pm.values);
}
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void ProgramMemory::clear()
{
values.clear();
}
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bool ProgramMemory::empty() const
{
return values.empty();
}
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void ProgramMemory::replace(const ProgramMemory &pm)
{
for (auto&& p : pm.values) {
values[p.first] = p.second;
}
}
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void ProgramMemory::insert(const ProgramMemory &pm)
{
for (auto&& p:pm.values)
values.insert(p);
}
bool conditionIsFalse(const Token *condition, const ProgramMemory &programMemory)
{
if (!condition)
return false;
if (condition->str() == "&&") {
return conditionIsFalse(condition->astOperand1(), programMemory) ||
conditionIsFalse(condition->astOperand2(), programMemory);
}
ProgramMemory progmem(programMemory);
MathLib::bigint result = 0;
bool error = false;
execute(condition, &progmem, &result, &error);
return !error && result == 0;
}
bool conditionIsTrue(const Token *condition, const ProgramMemory &programMemory)
{
if (!condition)
return false;
if (condition->str() == "||") {
return conditionIsTrue(condition->astOperand1(), programMemory) ||
conditionIsTrue(condition->astOperand2(), programMemory);
}
ProgramMemory progmem(programMemory);
bool error = false;
MathLib::bigint result = 0;
execute(condition, &progmem, &result, &error);
return !error && result == 1;
}
static bool frontIs(const std::vector<MathLib::bigint>& v, bool i)
{
if (v.empty())
return false;
if (v.front())
return i;
return !i;
}
void programMemoryParseCondition(ProgramMemory& pm, const Token* tok, const Token* endTok, const Settings* settings, bool then)
{
auto eval = [&](const Token* t) -> std::vector<MathLib::bigint> {
if (t->hasKnownIntValue())
return {t->values().front().intvalue};
MathLib::bigint result = 0;
bool error = false;
execute(t, &pm, &result, &error);
if (!error)
return {result};
return std::vector<MathLib::bigint>{};
};
if (Token::Match(tok, "==|>=|<=|<|>|!=")) {
ValueFlow::Value truevalue;
ValueFlow::Value falsevalue;
const Token* vartok = parseCompareInt(tok, truevalue, falsevalue, eval);
if (!vartok)
return;
if (vartok->exprId() == 0)
return;
if (!truevalue.isIntValue())
return;
if (endTok && isExpressionChanged(vartok, tok->next(), endTok, settings, true))
return;
bool impossible = (tok->str() == "==" && !then) || (tok->str() == "!=" && then);
pm.setIntValue(vartok->exprId(), then ? truevalue.intvalue : falsevalue.intvalue, impossible);
const Token* containerTok = settings->library.getContainerFromYield(vartok, Library::Container::Yield::SIZE);
if (containerTok)
pm.setContainerSizeValue(containerTok->exprId(), then ? truevalue.intvalue : falsevalue.intvalue, !impossible);
} else if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "!")) {
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok->astOperand1(), endTok, settings, !then);
} else if (then && Token::simpleMatch(tok, "&&")) {
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok->astOperand1(), endTok, settings, then);
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok->astOperand2(), endTok, settings, then);
} else if (!then && Token::simpleMatch(tok, "||")) {
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok->astOperand1(), endTok, settings, then);
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok->astOperand2(), endTok, settings, then);
} else if (Token::Match(tok, "&&|%oror%")) {
std::vector<MathLib::bigint> lhs = eval(tok->astOperand1());
std::vector<MathLib::bigint> rhs = eval(tok->astOperand2());
if (lhs.empty() || rhs.empty()) {
if (frontIs(lhs, !then))
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok->astOperand2(), endTok, settings, then);
if (frontIs(rhs, !then))
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok->astOperand1(), endTok, settings, then);
}
} else if (tok->exprId() > 0) {
if (endTok && isExpressionChanged(tok, tok->next(), endTok, settings, true))
return;
pm.setIntValue(tok->exprId(), 0, then);
const Token* containerTok = settings->library.getContainerFromYield(tok, Library::Container::Yield::EMPTY);
if (containerTok)
pm.setContainerSizeValue(containerTok->exprId(), 0, then);
}
}
static void fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(ProgramMemory& pm, const Scope* scope, const Token* endTok, const Settings* settings)
{
if (!scope)
return;
if (!scope->isLocal())
return;
assert(scope != scope->nestedIn);
fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(pm, scope->nestedIn, endTok, settings);
if (scope->type == Scope::eIf || scope->type == Scope::eWhile || scope->type == Scope::eElse || scope->type == Scope::eFor) {
const Token* condTok = getCondTokFromEnd(scope->bodyEnd);
if (!condTok)
return;
MathLib::bigint result = 0;
bool error = false;
execute(condTok, &pm, &result, &error);
if (error)
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, condTok, endTok, settings, scope->type != Scope::eElse);
}
}
static void fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(ProgramMemory& pm, const Token* tok, const Settings* settings)
{
fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(pm, tok->scope(), tok, settings);
}
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static void fillProgramMemoryFromAssignments(ProgramMemory& pm, const Token* tok, const ProgramMemory& state, const ProgramMemory::Map& vars)
{
int indentlevel = 0;
for (const Token *tok2 = tok; tok2; tok2 = tok2->previous()) {
if ((Token::simpleMatch(tok2, "=") || Token::Match(tok2->previous(), "%var% (|{")) && tok2->astOperand1() &&
tok2->astOperand2()) {
bool setvar = false;
const Token* vartok = tok2->astOperand1();
const Token* valuetok = tok2->astOperand2();
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for (const auto& p:vars) {
if (p.first != vartok->exprId())
continue;
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if (vartok == tok)
continue;
pm.setValue(vartok->exprId(), p.second);
setvar = true;
}
if (!setvar) {
if (!pm.hasValue(vartok->exprId())) {
MathLib::bigint result = 0;
bool error = false;
execute(valuetok, &pm, &result, &error);
if (!error)
pm.setIntValue(vartok->exprId(), result);
else
pm.setUnknown(vartok->exprId());
}
}
} else if (tok2->exprId() > 0 && Token::Match(tok2, ".|(|[|*|%var%") && !pm.hasValue(tok2->exprId()) &&
isVariableChanged(tok2, 0, nullptr, true)) {
pm.setUnknown(tok2->exprId());
}
if (tok2->str() == "{") {
if (indentlevel <= 0) {
// Keep progressing with anonymous/do scopes
if (!Token::Match(tok2->previous(), "do|; {"))
break;
} else
--indentlevel;
if (Token::simpleMatch(tok2->previous(), "else {"))
tok2 = tok2->linkAt(-2)->previous();
}
if (tok2->str() == "}") {
const Token *cond = getCondTokFromEnd(tok2);
const bool inElse = Token::simpleMatch(tok2->link()->previous(), "else {");
if (cond) {
if (conditionIsFalse(cond, state)) {
if (inElse) {
++indentlevel;
continue;
}
tok2 = cond->astParent()->previous();
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} else if (conditionIsTrue(cond, state)) {
if (inElse)
tok2 = tok2->link()->tokAt(-2);
++indentlevel;
continue;
}
}
break;
}
}
}
static void removeModifiedVars(ProgramMemory& pm, const Token* tok, const Token* origin)
{
for (auto i = pm.values.begin(), last = pm.values.end(); i != last;) {
if (isVariableChanged(origin, tok, i->first, false, nullptr, true)) {
i = pm.values.erase(i);
} else {
++i;
}
}
}
static ProgramMemory getInitialProgramState(const Token* tok,
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const Token* origin,
const ProgramMemory::Map& vars = ProgramMemory::Map {})
{
ProgramMemory pm;
if (origin) {
fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(pm, origin, nullptr);
const ProgramMemory state = pm;
fillProgramMemoryFromAssignments(pm, tok, state, vars);
removeModifiedVars(pm, tok, origin);
}
return pm;
}
ProgramMemoryState::ProgramMemoryState(const Settings* s) : state(), origins(), settings(s) {}
void ProgramMemoryState::insert(const ProgramMemory &pm, const Token* origin)
{
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if (origin)
for (auto&& p:pm.values)
origins.insert(std::make_pair(p.first, origin));
state.insert(pm);
}
void ProgramMemoryState::replace(const ProgramMemory &pm, const Token* origin)
{
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if (origin)
for (auto&& p:pm.values)
origins[p.first] = origin;
state.replace(pm);
}
void ProgramMemoryState::addState(const Token* tok, const ProgramMemory::Map& vars)
{
ProgramMemory pm = state;
for (const auto& p:vars) {
nonneg int exprid = p.first;
const ValueFlow::Value &value = p.second;
pm.setValue(exprid, value);
if (value.varId)
pm.setIntValue(value.varId, value.varvalue);
}
fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(pm, tok, settings);
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ProgramMemory local = pm;
fillProgramMemoryFromAssignments(pm, tok, local, vars);
replace(pm, tok);
}
void ProgramMemoryState::assume(const Token* tok, bool b, bool isEmpty)
{
ProgramMemory pm = state;
if (isEmpty)
pm.setContainerSizeValue(tok->exprId(), 0, b);
else
programMemoryParseCondition(pm, tok, nullptr, settings, b);
const Token* origin = tok;
const Token* top = tok->astTop();
if (top && Token::Match(top->previous(), "for|while ("))
origin = top->link();
replace(pm, origin);
}
void ProgramMemoryState::removeModifiedVars(const Token* tok)
{
for (auto i = state.values.begin(), last = state.values.end(); i != last;) {
const Token* start = origins[i->first];
const Token* expr = findExpression(start ? start : tok, i->first);
if (!expr || isExpressionChanged(expr, start, tok, settings, true)) {
origins.erase(i->first);
i = state.values.erase(i);
} else {
++i;
}
}
}
ProgramMemory ProgramMemoryState::get(const Token* tok, const Token* ctx, const ProgramMemory::Map& vars) const
{
ProgramMemoryState local = *this;
if (ctx)
local.addState(ctx, vars);
const Token* start = previousBeforeAstLeftmostLeaf(tok);
if (!start)
start = tok;
if (!ctx || precedes(start, ctx)) {
local.removeModifiedVars(start);
local.addState(start, vars);
} else {
local.removeModifiedVars(ctx);
}
return local.state;
}
ProgramMemory getProgramMemory(const Token *tok, const ProgramMemory::Map& vars)
{
ProgramMemory programMemory;
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for (const auto& p:vars) {
const ValueFlow::Value &value = p.second;
programMemory.replace(getInitialProgramState(tok, value.tokvalue));
programMemory.replace(getInitialProgramState(tok, value.condition));
}
fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(programMemory, tok, nullptr);
ProgramMemory state;
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for (const auto& p:vars) {
nonneg int exprid = p.first;
const ValueFlow::Value &value = p.second;
programMemory.setValue(exprid, value);
if (value.varId)
programMemory.setIntValue(value.varId, value.varvalue);
}
state = programMemory;
fillProgramMemoryFromAssignments(programMemory, tok, state, vars);
return programMemory;
}
ProgramMemory getProgramMemory(const Token* tok, nonneg int exprid, const ValueFlow::Value& value, const Settings *settings)
{
ProgramMemory programMemory;
programMemory.replace(getInitialProgramState(tok, value.tokvalue));
programMemory.replace(getInitialProgramState(tok, value.condition));
fillProgramMemoryFromConditions(programMemory, tok, settings);
programMemory.setValue(exprid, value);
if (value.varId)
programMemory.setIntValue(value.varId, value.varvalue);
const ProgramMemory state = programMemory;
fillProgramMemoryFromAssignments(programMemory, tok, state, {{exprid, value}});
return programMemory;
}
static bool isNumericValue(const ValueFlow::Value& value) {
return value.isIntValue() || value.isFloatValue();
}
static double asFloat(const ValueFlow::Value& value)
{
return value.isFloatValue() ? value.floatValue : value.intvalue;
}
static std::string removeAssign(const std::string& assign) {
return std::string{assign.begin(), assign.end() - 1};
}
struct assign {
template<class T, class U>
void operator()(T& x, const U& y) const
{
x = y;
}
};
static ValueFlow::Value evaluate(const std::string& op, const ValueFlow::Value& lhs, const ValueFlow::Value& rhs)
{
ValueFlow::Value result;
if (lhs.isImpossible() && rhs.isImpossible())
return ValueFlow::Value::unknown();
if (lhs.isImpossible() || rhs.isImpossible()) {
// noninvertible
if (contains({"%", "/", "&", "|"}, op))
return ValueFlow::Value::unknown();
result.setImpossible();
}
if (isNumericValue(lhs) && isNumericValue(rhs)) {
if (lhs.isFloatValue() || rhs.isFloatValue()) {
result.valueType = ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::FLOAT;
bool error = false;
result.floatValue = calculate(op, asFloat(lhs), asFloat(rhs), &error);
if (error)
return ValueFlow::Value::unknown();
return result;
}
}
result.valueType = ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::INT;
if (op == "+") {
if (lhs.isIteratorValue())
result.valueType = lhs.valueType;
else if (rhs.isIteratorValue())
result.valueType = rhs.valueType;
} else if (lhs.valueType != rhs.valueType) {
return ValueFlow::Value::unknown();
}
bool error = false;
result.intvalue = calculate(op, lhs.intvalue, rhs.intvalue, &error);
if (error)
return ValueFlow::Value::unknown();
if (result.isImpossible()) {
if ((result.intvalue == 0 && op == "!=") || (result.intvalue != 0 && op == "==")) {
result.setPossible();
result.intvalue = !result.intvalue;
}
}
return result;
}
static ValueFlow::Value execute(const Token* expr, ProgramMemory& pm)
{
ValueFlow::Value unknown = ValueFlow::Value::unknown();
const ValueFlow::Value* value = nullptr;
if (!expr)
return unknown;
else if (expr->hasKnownIntValue() && !expr->isAssignmentOp()) {
return expr->values().front();
} else if ((value = expr->getKnownValue(ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::FLOAT)) ||
(value = expr->getKnownValue(ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::ITERATOR_START)) ||
(value = expr->getKnownValue(ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::ITERATOR_END)) ||
(value = expr->getKnownValue(ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::CONTAINER_SIZE))) {
return *value;
} else if (expr->isNumber()) {
if (MathLib::isFloat(expr->str()))
return unknown;
return ValueFlow::Value{MathLib::toLongNumber(expr->str())};
} else if (Token::Match(expr->tokAt(-2), ". %name% (") && astIsContainer(expr->tokAt(-2)->astOperand1())) {
const Token* containerTok = expr->tokAt(-2)->astOperand1();
Library::Container::Yield yield = containerTok->valueType()->container->getYield(expr->strAt(-1));
if (yield == Library::Container::Yield::SIZE) {
ValueFlow::Value v = execute(containerTok, pm);
if (!v.isContainerSizeValue())
return unknown;
v.valueType = ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::INT;
return v;
} else if (yield == Library::Container::Yield::EMPTY) {
ValueFlow::Value v = execute(containerTok, pm);
if (!v.isContainerSizeValue())
return unknown;
if (v.isImpossible() && v.intvalue == 0)
return ValueFlow::Value{0};
else if (!v.isImpossible())
return ValueFlow::Value{v.intvalue == 0};
}
} else if (expr->isAssignmentOp() && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand2() && expr->astOperand1()->exprId() > 0) {
ValueFlow::Value rhs = execute(expr->astOperand2(), pm);
if (rhs.isUninitValue())
return unknown;
if (expr->str() != "=") {
if (!pm.hasValue(expr->astOperand1()->exprId()))
return unknown;
ValueFlow::Value& lhs = pm.values.at(expr->astOperand1()->exprId());
rhs = evaluate(removeAssign(expr->str()), lhs, rhs);
if (lhs.isIntValue())
ValueFlow::Value::visitValue(rhs, std::bind(assign{}, std::ref(lhs.intvalue), std::placeholders::_1));
else if (lhs.isFloatValue())
ValueFlow::Value::visitValue(rhs, std::bind(assign{}, std::ref(lhs.floatValue), std::placeholders::_1));
else
return unknown;
return lhs;
} else {
pm.values[expr->astOperand1()->exprId()] = rhs;
return rhs;
}
} else if (expr->str() == "&&" && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand2()) {
ValueFlow::Value lhs = execute(expr->astOperand1(), pm);
if (!lhs.isIntValue())
return unknown;
if (lhs.intvalue == 0)
return lhs;
return execute(expr->astOperand2(), pm);
} else if (expr->str() == "||" && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand2()) {
ValueFlow::Value lhs = execute(expr->astOperand1(), pm);
if (!lhs.isIntValue())
return unknown;
if (lhs.intvalue != 0)
return lhs;
return execute(expr->astOperand2(), pm);
} else if (expr->str() == "," && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand2()) {
execute(expr->astOperand1(), pm);
return execute(expr->astOperand2(), pm);
} else if (Token::Match(expr, "++|--") && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand1()->exprId() != 0) {
if (!pm.hasValue(expr->astOperand1()->exprId()))
return unknown;
ValueFlow::Value& lhs = pm.values.at(expr->astOperand1()->exprId());
if (!lhs.isIntValue())
return unknown;
// overflow
if (!lhs.isImpossible() && lhs.intvalue == 0 && expr->str() == "--" && astIsUnsigned(expr->astOperand1()))
return unknown;
if (expr->str() == "++")
lhs.intvalue++;
else
lhs.intvalue--;
return lhs;
} else if (expr->str() == "[" && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand2()) {
const Token *tokvalue = nullptr;
if (!pm.getTokValue(expr->astOperand1()->exprId(), &tokvalue)) {
auto tokvalue_it = std::find_if(expr->astOperand1()->values().begin(),
expr->astOperand1()->values().end(),
std::mem_fn(&ValueFlow::Value::isTokValue));
if (tokvalue_it == expr->astOperand1()->values().end()) {
return unknown;
}
tokvalue = tokvalue_it->tokvalue;
}
if (!tokvalue || !tokvalue->isLiteral()) {
return unknown;
}
const std::string strValue = tokvalue->strValue();
ValueFlow::Value rhs = execute(expr->astOperand2(), pm);
if (!rhs.isIntValue())
return unknown;
MathLib::bigint index = rhs.intvalue;
if (index >= 0 && index < strValue.size())
return ValueFlow::Value{strValue[index]};
else if (index == strValue.size())
return ValueFlow::Value{};
} else if (Token::Match(expr, "%cop%") && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand2()) {
ValueFlow::Value lhs = execute(expr->astOperand1(), pm);
ValueFlow::Value rhs = execute(expr->astOperand2(), pm);
if (!lhs.isUninitValue() && !rhs.isUninitValue())
return evaluate(expr->str(), lhs, rhs);
if (expr->isComparisonOp()) {
if (rhs.isIntValue()) {
std::vector<ValueFlow::Value> result =
infer(makeIntegralInferModel(), expr->str(), expr->astOperand1()->values(), {rhs});
if (result.empty() || !result.front().isKnown())
return unknown;
return result.front();
} else if (lhs.isIntValue()) {
std::vector<ValueFlow::Value> result =
infer(makeIntegralInferModel(), expr->str(), {lhs}, expr->astOperand2()->values());
if (result.empty() || !result.front().isKnown())
return unknown;
return result.front();
}
}
}
// Unary ops
else if (Token::Match(expr, "!|+|-") && expr->astOperand1() && !expr->astOperand2()) {
ValueFlow::Value lhs = execute(expr->astOperand1(), pm);
if (!lhs.isIntValue())
return unknown;
if (expr->str() == "!")
lhs.intvalue = !lhs.intvalue;
if (expr->str() == "-")
lhs.intvalue = -lhs.intvalue;
return lhs;
} else if (expr->str() == "?" && expr->astOperand1() && expr->astOperand2()) {
ValueFlow::Value cond = execute(expr->astOperand1(), pm);
if (!cond.isIntValue())
return unknown;
const Token* child = expr->astOperand2();
if (cond.intvalue == 0)
return execute(child->astOperand2(), pm);
else
return execute(child->astOperand1(), pm);
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} else if (expr->str() == "(" && expr->isCast()) {
if (Token::simpleMatch(expr->previous(), ">") && expr->previous()->link())
return execute(expr->astOperand2(), pm);
else
return execute(expr->astOperand1(), pm);
}
if (expr->exprId() > 0 && pm.hasValue(expr->exprId())) {
ValueFlow::Value result = pm.values.at(expr->exprId());
if (result.isImpossible() && result.isIntValue() && result.intvalue == 0 && isUsedAsBool(expr)) {
result.intvalue = !result.intvalue;
result.setKnown();
}
return result;
}
return unknown;
}
void execute(const Token* expr, ProgramMemory* const programMemory, MathLib::bigint* result, bool* error)
{
ValueFlow::Value v = execute(expr, *programMemory);
if (!v.isIntValue() || v.isImpossible()) {
if (error)
*error = true;
} else if (result)
*result = v.intvalue;
}