cppcheck/CheckOther.cpp

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2008-11-15 14:05:58 +01:00
/*
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* c++check - c/c++ syntax checking
* Copyright (C) 2007 Daniel Marjamäki
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
*/
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "CheckOther.h"
#include <list>
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#include <map>
#include <sstream>
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#include <stdlib.h> // <- atoi
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#include <cstring>
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Warning on C-Style casts.. p = (kalle *)foo;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CheckOther::CheckOther( const Tokenizer *tokenizer, ErrorLogger *errorLogger )
{
_tokenizer = tokenizer;
_errorLogger = errorLogger;
}
CheckOther::~CheckOther()
{
}
void CheckOther::WarningOldStylePointerCast()
{
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
{
// Old style pointer casting..
if (!TOKEN::Match(tok, "( %type% * ) %var%"))
continue;
// Is "type" a class?
const char *pattern[] = {"class","",NULL};
pattern[1] = tok->strAt(1);
if (!TOKEN::findtoken(_tokenizer->tokens(), pattern))
continue;
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": C-style pointer casting";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Use standard function "isdigit" instead
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::WarningIsDigit()
{
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
{
bool err = false;
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "%var% >= '0' && %var% <= '9'");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "* %var% >= '0' && * %var% <= '9'");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( %var% >= '0' ) && ( %var% <= '9' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( * %var% >= '0' ) && ( * %var% <= '9' )");
if (err)
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": The condition can be simplified; use 'isdigit'";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Use standard function "isalpha" instead
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::WarningIsAlpha()
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{
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
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{
if ( tok->str() != "(" )
continue;
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bool err = false;
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( %var% >= 'A' && %var% <= 'Z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( * %var% >= 'A' && * %var% <= 'Z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( %var% >= 'A' ) && ( %var% <= 'Z' ) )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( * %var% >= 'A' ) && ( * %var% <= 'Z' ) )");
if (err)
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": The condition can be simplified; use 'isupper'";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
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continue;
}
err = false;
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( %var% >= 'a' && %var% <= 'z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( * %var% >= 'a' && * %var% <= 'z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( %var% >= 'a' ) && ( %var% <= 'z' ) )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( * %var% >= 'a' ) && ( * %var% <= 'z' ) )");
if (err)
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": The condition can be simplified; use 'islower'";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
continue;
}
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err = false;
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( %var% >= 'A' && %var% <= 'Z' ) || ( %var% >= 'a' && %var% <= 'z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( %var% >= 'a' && %var% <= 'z' ) || ( %var% >= 'A' && %var% <= 'Z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( * %var% >= 'A' && * %var% <= 'Z' ) || ( * %var% >= 'a' && * %var% <= 'z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( * %var% >= 'a' && * %var% <= 'z' ) || ( * %var% >= 'A' && * %var% <= 'Z' )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( %var% >= 'A' ) && ( %var% <= 'Z' ) ) || ( ( %var% >= 'a' ) && ( %var% <= 'z' ) )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( %var% >= 'a' ) && ( %var% <= 'z' ) ) || ( ( %var% >= 'A' ) && ( %var% <= 'Z' ) )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( * %var% >= 'A' ) && ( * %var% <= 'Z' ) ) || ( ( * var >= 'a' ) && ( * %var% <= 'z' ) )");
err |= TOKEN::Match(tok, "( ( * %var% >= 'a' ) && ( * %var% <= 'z' ) ) || ( ( * var >= 'A' ) && ( * %var% <= 'Z' ) )");
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if (err)
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": The condition can be simplified; use 'isalpha'";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
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}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Redundant code..
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::WarningRedundantCode()
{
// if (p) delete p
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
{
if ( tok->str() != "if" )
continue;
const char *varname1 = NULL;
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const TOKEN *tok2 = NULL;
if (TOKEN::Match(tok,"if ( %var% )"))
{
varname1 = tok->strAt( 2);
tok2 = tok->tokAt(4);
}
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok,"if ( %var% != NULL )"))
{
varname1 = tok->strAt( 2);
tok2 = tok->tokAt(6);
}
if (varname1==NULL || tok2==NULL)
continue;
if ( tok2->str() == "{" )
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tok2 = tok2->next;
bool err = false;
if (TOKEN::Match(tok2,"delete %var% ;"))
err = (strcmp(tok2->strAt(1),varname1)==0);
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok2,"delete [ ] %var% ;"))
err = (strcmp(tok2->strAt(1),varname1)==0);
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok2,"free ( %var% )"))
err = (strcmp(tok2->strAt(2),varname1)==0);
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok2,"kfree ( %var% )"))
err = (strcmp(tok2->strAt(2),varname1)==0);
if (err)
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": Redundant condition. It is safe to deallocate a NULL pointer";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
// TODO: Redundant condition
// if (haystack.find(needle) != haystack.end())
// haystack.remove(needle);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// if (condition) ....
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::WarningIf()
{
// Search for 'if (condition);'
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
{
if (tok->str() == "if")
{
int parlevel = 0;
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for (const TOKEN *tok2 = tok->next; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next)
{
if (tok2->str() == "(")
parlevel++;
else if (tok2->str() == ")")
{
parlevel--;
if (parlevel<=0)
{
if (strcmp(tok2->strAt(1), ";") == 0 &&
strcmp(tok2->strAt(2), "else") != 0)
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": Found \"if (condition);\"";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
break;
}
}
}
}
}
// Search for 'a=b; if (a==b)'
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
{
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// Begin statement?
if ( ! TOKEN::Match(tok, "[;{}]") )
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continue;
tok = tok->next;
if ( ! tok )
break;
if (!TOKEN::Match(tok,"%var% = %var% ; if ( %var%"))
continue;
if ( strcmp(tok->strAt( 9), ")") != 0 )
continue;
// var1 = var2 ; if ( var3 cond var4 )
const char *var1 = tok->strAt( 0);
const char *var2 = tok->strAt( 2);
const char *var3 = tok->strAt( 6);
const char *cond = tok->strAt( 7);
const char *var4 = tok->strAt( 8);
// Check that var3 is equal with either var1 or var2
if (strcmp(var1,var3) && strcmp(var2,var3))
continue;
// Check that var4 is equal with either var1 or var2
if (strcmp(var1,var4) && strcmp(var2,var4))
continue;
// Check that there is a condition..
const char *p[6] = {"==","<=",">=","!=","<",">"};
bool iscond = false;
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for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
if (strcmp(cond, p[i]) == 0)
{
iscond = true;
break;
}
}
if (!iscond)
break;
// we found the error. Report.
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok->tokAt(4)) << ": The condition is always ";
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
if (strcmp(cond, p[i]) == 0)
ostr << (i < 3 ? "True" : "False");
}
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
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}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// strtol(str, 0, radix) <- radix must be 0 or 2-36
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::InvalidFunctionUsage()
{
for ( const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next )
{
if ((tok->str() != "strtol") && (tok->str() != "strtoul"))
continue;
// Locate the third parameter of the function call..
int parlevel = 0;
int param = 1;
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for ( const TOKEN *tok2 = tok->next; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next )
{
if ( TOKEN::Match(tok2, "(") )
parlevel++;
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok2, ")"))
parlevel--;
else if (parlevel == 1 && TOKEN::Match(tok2, ","))
{
param++;
if (param==3)
{
if ( TOKEN::Match(tok2, ", %num% )") )
{
int radix = atoi(tok2->strAt( 1));
if (!(radix==0 || (radix>=2 && radix<=36)))
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok2) << ": Invalid radix in call to strtol or strtoul. Must be 0 or 2-36";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
break;
}
}
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Assignment in condition
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckIfAssignment()
{
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
{
if (TOKEN::Match(tok, "if ( %var% = %num% )") ||
TOKEN::Match(tok, "if ( %var% = %str% )") ||
TOKEN::Match(tok, "if ( %var% = %var% )") )
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": Possible bug. Should it be '==' instead of '='?";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Check for unsigned divisions
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckUnsignedDivision()
{
// Check for "ivar / uvar" and "uvar / ivar"
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std::map<std::string, char> varsign;
for ( const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next )
{
if ( TOKEN::Match(tok, "[{};(,] %type% %var% [;=,)]") )
{
const char *type = tok->strAt( 1);
if (strcmp(type,"char")==0 || strcmp(type,"short")==0 || strcmp(type,"int")==0)
varsign[tok->strAt(2)] = 's';
}
else if ( TOKEN::Match(tok, "[{};(,] unsigned %type% %var% [;=,)]") )
varsign[tok->strAt(3)] = 'u';
else if (!TOKEN::Match(tok,"[).]") && TOKEN::Match(tok->next, "%var% / %var%"))
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{
const char *varname1 = tok->strAt(1);
const char *varname2 = tok->strAt(3);
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char sign1 = varsign[varname1];
char sign2 = varsign[varname2];
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if ( sign1 && sign2 && sign1 != sign2 )
{
// One of the operands are signed, the other is unsigned..
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok->next) << ": Warning: Division with signed and unsigned operators";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
else if (!TOKEN::Match(tok,"[).]") && TOKEN::Match(tok->next, "%var% / - %num%"))
{
const char *varname1 = tok->strAt(1);
char sign1 = varsign[varname1];
if ( sign1 == 'u' )
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok->next) << ": Unsigned division. The result will be wrong.";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok, "[([=*/+-] - %num% / %var%"))
{
const char *varname2 = tok->strAt(4);
char sign2 = varsign[varname2];
if ( sign2 == 'u' )
{
std::ostringstream ostr;
ostr << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok->next) << ": Unsigned division. The result will be wrong.";
_errorLogger->reportErr(ostr.str());
}
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Check scope of variables..
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckVariableScope()
{
// Walk through all tokens..
bool func = false;
int indentlevel = 0;
for ( const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next )
{
// Skip class and struct declarations..
if ( (tok->str() == "class") || (tok->str() == "struct") )
{
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for (const TOKEN *tok2 = tok; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next)
{
if ( tok2->str() == "{" )
{
int _indentlevel = 0;
for (tok = tok2; tok; tok = tok->next)
{
if ( tok->str() == "{" )
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{
_indentlevel++;
}
if ( tok->str() == "}" )
{
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_indentlevel--;
if ( _indentlevel <= 0 )
{
tok = tok->next;
break;
}
}
}
break;
}
if (TOKEN::Match(tok2, "[,);]"))
{
break;
}
}
if ( ! tok )
break;
}
if ( tok->str() == "{" )
{
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indentlevel++;
}
if ( tok->str() == "}" )
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{
indentlevel--;
if ( indentlevel == 0 )
func = false;
}
if ( indentlevel == 0 && TOKEN::Match(tok, ") {") )
{
func = true;
}
if ( indentlevel > 0 && func && TOKEN::Match(tok, "[{};]") )
{
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// First token of statement..
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const TOKEN *tok1 = tok->next;
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if ( ! tok1 )
continue;
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if ((tok1->str() == "return") ||
(tok1->str() == "delete") ||
(tok1->str() == "goto") ||
(tok1->str() == "else"))
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continue;
// Variable declaration?
if (TOKEN::Match(tok1, "%var% %var% ;") ||
TOKEN::Match(tok1, "%var% %var% =") )
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{
CheckVariableScope_LookupVar( tok1, tok1->strAt( 1) );
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}
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckVariableScope_LookupVar( const TOKEN *tok1, const char varname[] )
{
const TOKEN *tok = tok1;
// Skip the variable declaration..
while (tok && !TOKEN::Match(tok,";"))
tok = tok->next;
// Check if the variable is used in this indentlevel..
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bool used = false, used1 = false;
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int indentlevel = 0;
int parlevel = 0;
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bool for_or_while = false;
while ( indentlevel >= 0 && tok )
{
if ( tok->str() == "{" )
{
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indentlevel++;
}
else if ( tok->str() == "}" )
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{
indentlevel--;
if ( indentlevel == 0 )
{
if ( for_or_while && used )
return;
used1 = used;
used = false;
}
}
else if ( tok->str() == "(" )
{
parlevel++;
}
else if ( tok->str() == ")" )
{
parlevel--;
}
else if ( tok->str() == varname )
{
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if ( indentlevel == 0 || used1 )
return;
used = true;
}
else if ( indentlevel==0 )
{
if ( (tok->str() == "for") || (tok->str() == "while") )
for_or_while = true;
if ( parlevel == 0 && (tok->str() == ";") )
for_or_while = false;
}
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tok = tok->next;
}
// Warning if "used" is true
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok1) << " The scope of the variable '" << varname << "' can be limited";
_errorLogger->reportErr( errmsg.str() );
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Check for constant function parameters
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckConstantFunctionParameter()
{
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
{
if ( TOKEN::Match(tok,"[,(] const std :: %type% %var% [,)]") )
{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << " " << tok->strAt(5) << " is passed by value, it could be passed by reference/pointer instead";
_errorLogger->reportErr( errmsg.str() );
}
else if ( TOKEN::Match(tok,"[,(] const %type% %var% [,)]") )
{
// Check if type is a struct or class.
const char *pattern[3] = {"class","type",0};
pattern[1] = tok->strAt( 2);
if ( TOKEN::findtoken(_tokenizer->tokens(), pattern) )
{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << " " << tok->strAt(3) << " is passed by value, it could be passed by reference/pointer instead";
_errorLogger->reportErr( errmsg.str() );
}
pattern[0] = "struct";
if ( TOKEN::findtoken(_tokenizer->tokens(), pattern) )
{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << " " << tok->strAt(3) << " is passed by value, it could be passed by reference/pointer instead";
_errorLogger->reportErr( errmsg.str() );
}
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Check that all struct members are used
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckStructMemberUsage()
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{
const char *structname = 0;
for ( const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next )
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{
if ( tok->FileIndex != 0 )
continue;
if ( tok->str() == "}" )
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structname = 0;
if ( TOKEN::Match(tok, "struct %type% {") )
structname = tok->strAt( 1);
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if (structname && TOKEN::Match(tok, "[{;]"))
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{
const char *varname = 0;
if (TOKEN::Match(tok->next, "%type% %var% [;[]"))
varname = tok->strAt( 2 );
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok->next, "%type% %type% %var% [;[]"))
varname = tok->strAt( 2 );
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok->next, "%type% * %var% [;[]"))
varname = tok->strAt( 3 );
else if (TOKEN::Match(tok->next, "%type% %type% * %var% [;[]"))
varname = tok->strAt( 4 );
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else
continue;
const char *varnames[2];
varnames[0] = varname;
varnames[1] = 0;
bool used = false;
for ( const TOKEN *tok2 = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok2; tok2 = tok2->next )
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{
if ( tok->FileIndex != 0 )
continue;
if (TOKEN::Match(tok2, ". %var%", varnames))
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{
if ( strcmp("=", tok2->strAt(2)) == 0 )
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continue;
used = true;
break;
}
}
if ( ! used )
{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok) << ": struct member '" << structname << "::" << varname << "' is never read";
_errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg.str());
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}
}
}
}
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Check usage of char variables..
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckCharVariable()
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{
for (const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next)
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{
// Declaring the variable..
if ( TOKEN::Match(tok, "[{};(,] char %var% [;=,)]") )
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{
const char *varname[2] = {0};
varname[0] = tok->strAt( 2);
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// Check usage of char variable..
int indentlevel = 0;
for ( const TOKEN *tok2 = tok->next; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next )
{
if ( tok2->str() == "{" )
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++indentlevel;
else if ( tok2->str() == "}" )
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{
--indentlevel;
if ( indentlevel <= 0 )
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break;
}
if ((tok2->str() != ".") && TOKEN::Match(tok2->next, "%var% [ %var1% ]", varname))
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{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok2->next) << ": Warning - using char variable as array index";
_errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg.str());
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break;
}
if ( TOKEN::Match(tok2, "%var% [&|] %var1%", varname) || TOKEN::Match(tok2, "%var1% [&|]", varname) )
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{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok2) << ": Warning - using char variable in bit operation";
_errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg.str());
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break;
}
}
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Incomplete statement..
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::CheckIncompleteStatement()
{
int parlevel = 0;
for ( const TOKEN *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next )
{
if ( tok->str() == "(" )
++parlevel;
else if ( tok->str() == ")" )
--parlevel;
if ( parlevel != 0 )
continue;
if ( (tok->str() != "#") && TOKEN::Match(tok->next,"; %str%") && !TOKEN::Match(tok->tokAt(3), ",") )
{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok->next) << ": Redundant code: Found a statement that begins with string constant";
_errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg.str());
}
if ( !TOKEN::Match(tok,"#") && TOKEN::Match(tok->next,"; %num%") && !TOKEN::Match(tok->tokAt(3), ",") )
{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok->next) << ": Redundant code: Found a statement that begins with numeric constant";
_errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg.str());
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Unreachable code below a 'return'
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckOther::unreachableCode()
{
const TOKEN *tok = TOKEN::findmatch( _tokenizer->tokens(), "[;{}] return" );
while ( tok )
{
// Goto the 'return' token
tok = tok->next;
// Locate the end of the 'return' statement
while ( tok && ! TOKEN::Match(tok, ";") )
tok = tok->next;
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while ( tok && TOKEN::Match(tok->next, ";") )
tok = tok->next;
// If there is a statement below the return it is unreachable
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if (!TOKEN::Match(tok, "; case|default|}|#") && !TOKEN::Match(tok, "; %var% :"))
{
std::ostringstream errmsg;
errmsg << _tokenizer->fileLine(tok->next) << ": Unreachable code below a 'return'";
_errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg.str());
}
// Find the next 'return' statement
tok = TOKEN::findmatch( tok, "[;{}] return" );
}
}