Fix 10702: FP knownConditionTrueFalse - Member variable modified (#3857)

* Fix 10702: FP knownConditionTrueFalse - Member variable modified

* Format

* Make parameter const

* Fix FP

* Fix FP

* Update

* Format
This commit is contained in:
Paul Fultz II 2022-02-28 11:54:55 -06:00 committed by GitHub
parent 6a8bd981b5
commit 0b310b9d07
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GPG Key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
7 changed files with 450 additions and 60 deletions

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@ -331,6 +331,20 @@ const Token * astIsVariableComparison(const Token *tok, const std::string &comp,
return ret;
}
bool isVariableDecl(const Token* tok)
{
if (!tok)
return false;
const Variable* var = tok->variable();
if (!var)
return false;
if (var->nameToken() == tok)
return true;
if (Token::Match(var->declEndToken(), "; %var%") && var->declEndToken()->next() == tok)
return true;
return false;
}
bool isTemporary(bool cpp, const Token* tok, const Library* library, bool unknown)
{
if (!tok)

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@ -135,6 +135,8 @@ std::string astCanonicalType(const Token *expr);
/** Is given syntax tree a variable comparison against value */
const Token * astIsVariableComparison(const Token *tok, const std::string &comp, const std::string &rhs, const Token **vartok=nullptr);
bool isVariableDecl(const Token* tok);
bool isTemporary(bool cpp, const Token* tok, const Library* library, bool unknown = false);
const Token* previousBeforeAstLeftmostLeaf(const Token* tok);

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@ -1009,20 +1009,6 @@ struct InvalidContainerAnalyzer {
}
};
static bool isVariableDecl(const Token* tok)
{
if (!tok)
return false;
const Variable* var = tok->variable();
if (!var)
return false;
if (var->nameToken() == tok)
return true;
if (Token::Match(var->declEndToken(), "; %var%") && var->declEndToken()->next() == tok)
return true;
return false;
}
static const Token* getLoopContainer(const Token* tok)
{
if (!Token::simpleMatch(tok, "for ("))

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@ -2940,6 +2940,8 @@ static void valueFlowReverse(TokenList* tokenlist,
valueFlowReverse(tok, nullptr, varToken, values, tokenlist, settings);
}
enum class LifetimeCapture { Undefined, ByValue, ByReference };
std::string lifetimeType(const Token *tok, const ValueFlow::Value *val)
{
std::string result;
@ -3218,11 +3220,10 @@ static bool isLifetimeOwned(const ValueType *vt, const ValueType *vtParent)
{
if (!vtParent)
return false;
if (!vt) {
if (isLifetimeOwned(vtParent))
return true;
if (!vt)
return false;
}
// If converted from iterator to pointer then the iterator is most likely a pointer
if (vtParent->pointer == 1 && vt->pointer == 0 && vt->type == ValueType::ITERATOR)
return false;
@ -3370,6 +3371,25 @@ static std::vector<ValueType> getParentValueTypes(const Token* tok, const Settin
return {};
}
static bool isInConstructorList(const Token* tok)
{
if (!tok)
return false;
if (!astIsRHS(tok))
return false;
const Token* parent = tok->astParent();
if (!Token::Match(parent, "{|("))
return false;
if (!Token::Match(parent->previous(), "%var% {|("))
return false;
if (!parent->astOperand1() || !parent->astOperand2())
return false;
do {
parent = parent->astParent();
} while (Token::simpleMatch(parent, ","));
return Token::simpleMatch(parent, ":") && !Token::simpleMatch(parent->astParent(), "?");
}
bool isLifetimeBorrowed(const Token *tok, const Settings *settings)
{
if (!tok)
@ -3378,7 +3398,17 @@ bool isLifetimeBorrowed(const Token *tok, const Settings *settings)
return true;
if (!tok->astParent())
return true;
if (!Token::Match(tok->astParent()->previous(), "%name% (") && !Token::simpleMatch(tok->astParent(), ",")) {
if (isInConstructorList(tok)) {
const Token* parent = tok->astParent()->astOperand1();
const ValueType* vt = tok->valueType();
const ValueType* vtParent = parent->valueType();
if (isLifetimeBorrowed(vt, vtParent))
return true;
if (isLifetimeOwned(vt, vtParent))
return false;
if (isDifferentType(tok, parent))
return false;
} else if (!Token::Match(tok->astParent()->previous(), "%name% (") && !Token::simpleMatch(tok->astParent(), ",")) {
if (!Token::simpleMatch(tok, "{")) {
const ValueType *vt = tok->valueType();
const ValueType *vtParent = tok->astParent()->valueType();
@ -3471,7 +3501,7 @@ const Token* getEndOfExprScope(const Token* tok, const Scope* defaultScope, bool
static void valueFlowForwardLifetime(Token * tok, TokenList *tokenlist, ErrorLogger *errorLogger, const Settings *settings)
{
// Forward lifetimes to constructed variable
if (Token::Match(tok->previous(), "%var% {")) {
if (Token::Match(tok->previous(), "%var% {|(") && isVariableDecl(tok->previous())) {
std::list<ValueFlow::Value> values = tok->values();
values.remove_if(&isNotLifetimeValue);
valueFlowForward(nextAfterAstRightmostLeaf(tok), getEndOfExprScope(tok), tok->previous(), values, tokenlist, settings);
@ -3906,11 +3936,52 @@ static void valueFlowLifetimeFunction(Token *tok, TokenList *tokenlist, ErrorLog
if (settings->library.getFunction(tok->previous()))
return;
// Assume constructing the valueType
valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(tok, tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(tok->next(), tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
valueFlowForwardLifetime(tok->next(), tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
}
}
static bool isScope(const Token* tok)
{
if (!tok)
return false;
if (!Token::simpleMatch(tok, "{"))
return false;
const Scope* scope = tok->scope();
if (!scope)
return false;
if (!scope->bodyStart)
return false;
return scope->bodyStart == tok;
}
static const Function* findConstructor(const Scope* scope, const Token* tok, const std::vector<const Token*>& args)
{
if (!tok)
return nullptr;
const Function* f = tok->function();
if (!f && tok->astOperand1())
f = tok->astOperand1()->function();
// Search for a constructor
if (!f || !f->isConstructor()) {
f = nullptr;
std::vector<const Function*> candidates;
for (const Function& function : scope->functionList) {
if (function.argCount() != args.size())
continue;
if (!function.isConstructor())
continue;
candidates.push_back(&function);
}
// TODO: Narrow the candidates
if (candidates.size() == 1)
f = candidates.front();
}
if (!f)
return nullptr;
return f;
}
static void valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(Token* tok,
const Type* t,
TokenList* tokenlist,
@ -3919,14 +3990,20 @@ static void valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(Token* tok,
{
if (!Token::Match(tok, "(|{"))
return;
if (isScope(tok))
return;
if (!t) {
if (tok->valueType() && tok->valueType()->type != ValueType::RECORD)
return;
if (tok->str() != "{" && !Token::Match(tok->previous(), "%var% (") && !isVariableDecl(tok->previous()))
return;
// If the type is unknown then assume it captures by value in the
// constructor, but make each lifetime inconclusive
std::vector<const Token*> args = getArguments(tok);
LifetimeStore::forEach(
args, "Passed to initializer list.", ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeKind::SubObject, [&](LifetimeStore& ls) {
LifetimeStore::forEach(args,
"Passed to initializer list.",
ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeKind::SubObject,
[&](LifetimeStore& ls) {
ls.inconclusive = true;
ls.byVal(tok, tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
});
@ -3936,8 +4013,9 @@ static void valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(Token* tok,
if (!scope)
return;
// Only support aggregate constructors for now
if (scope->numConstructors == 0 && t->derivedFrom.empty() && (t->isClassType() || t->isStructType())) {
if (t->derivedFrom.empty() && (t->isClassType() || t->isStructType())) {
std::vector<const Token*> args = getArguments(tok);
if (scope->numConstructors == 0) {
auto it = scope->varlist.begin();
LifetimeStore::forEach(args,
"Passed to constructor of '" + t->name() + "'.",
@ -3953,6 +4031,81 @@ static void valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(Token* tok,
}
it++;
});
} else {
const Function* constructor = findConstructor(scope, tok, args);
if (!constructor)
return;
std::unordered_map<const Token*, const Variable*> argToParam;
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < args.size(); i++)
argToParam[args[i]] = constructor->getArgumentVar(i);
if (const Token* initList = constructor->constructorMemberInitialization()) {
std::unordered_map<const Variable*, LifetimeCapture> paramCapture;
for (const Token* tok2 : astFlatten(initList->astOperand2(), ",")) {
if (!Token::simpleMatch(tok2, "("))
continue;
if (!tok2->astOperand1())
continue;
if (!tok2->astOperand2())
continue;
const Variable* var = tok2->astOperand1()->variable();
const Token* expr = tok2->astOperand2();
if (!var)
continue;
if (!isLifetimeBorrowed(expr, settings))
continue;
const Variable* argvar = getLifetimeVariable(expr);
if (!argvar)
argvar = expr->variable();
if (argvar && argvar->isArgument()) {
paramCapture[argvar] =
argvar->isReference() ? LifetimeCapture::ByReference : LifetimeCapture::ByValue;
} else if (!var->isReference()) {
for (const ValueFlow::Value& v : expr->values()) {
if (!v.isLifetimeValue())
continue;
if (v.path > 0)
continue;
if (!v.tokvalue)
continue;
const Variable* lifeVar = v.tokvalue->variable();
if (!lifeVar)
continue;
if (!lifeVar->isArgument())
continue;
if (!lifeVar->isReference())
continue;
paramCapture[lifeVar] = LifetimeCapture::ByReference;
}
}
}
// TODO: Use SubExpressionAnalyzer for members
LifetimeStore::forEach(args,
"Passed to constructor of '" + t->name() + "'.",
ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeKind::SubObject,
[&](const LifetimeStore& ls) {
const Variable* paramVar = argToParam.at(ls.argtok);
if (paramCapture.count(paramVar) == 0)
return;
LifetimeCapture c = paramCapture.at(paramVar);
if (c == LifetimeCapture::ByReference)
ls.byRef(tok, tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
else
ls.byVal(tok, tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
});
} else {
LifetimeStore::forEach(args,
"Passed to constructor of '" + t->name() + "'.",
ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeKind::SubObject,
[&](LifetimeStore& ls) {
ls.inconclusive = true;
const Variable* var = argToParam.at(ls.argtok);
if (var && !var->isConst() && var->isReference())
ls.byRef(tok, tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
else
ls.byVal(tok, tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
});
}
}
}
}
@ -3973,6 +4126,8 @@ static void valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(Token* tok, TokenList* tokenlist, Error
{
if (!Token::Match(tok, "(|{"))
return;
if (isScope(tok))
return;
Token* parent = tok->astParent();
while (Token::simpleMatch(parent, ","))
parent = parent->astParent();
@ -4006,13 +4161,14 @@ static void valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(Token* tok, TokenList* tokenlist, Error
}
struct Lambda {
enum class Capture {
Undefined,
ByValue,
ByReference
};
explicit Lambda(const Token* tok)
: capture(nullptr), arguments(nullptr), returnTok(nullptr), bodyTok(nullptr), explicitCaptures(), implicitCapture(Capture::Undefined) {
: capture(nullptr),
arguments(nullptr),
returnTok(nullptr),
bodyTok(nullptr),
explicitCaptures(),
implicitCapture(LifetimeCapture::Undefined)
{
if (!Token::simpleMatch(tok, "[") || !tok->link())
return;
capture = tok;
@ -4029,19 +4185,20 @@ struct Lambda {
}
for (const Token* c:getCaptures()) {
if (Token::Match(c, "this !!.")) {
explicitCaptures[c->variable()] = std::make_pair(c, Capture::ByReference);
explicitCaptures[c->variable()] = std::make_pair(c, LifetimeCapture::ByReference);
} else if (Token::simpleMatch(c, "* this")) {
explicitCaptures[c->next()->variable()] = std::make_pair(c->next(), Capture::ByValue);
explicitCaptures[c->next()->variable()] = std::make_pair(c->next(), LifetimeCapture::ByValue);
} else if (c->variable()) {
explicitCaptures[c->variable()] = std::make_pair(c, Capture::ByValue);
explicitCaptures[c->variable()] = std::make_pair(c, LifetimeCapture::ByValue);
} else if (c->isUnaryOp("&") && Token::Match(c->astOperand1(), "%var%")) {
explicitCaptures[c->astOperand1()->variable()] = std::make_pair(c->astOperand1(), Capture::ByReference);
explicitCaptures[c->astOperand1()->variable()] =
std::make_pair(c->astOperand1(), LifetimeCapture::ByReference);
} else {
const std::string& s = c->expressionString();
if (s == "=")
implicitCapture = Capture::ByValue;
implicitCapture = LifetimeCapture::ByValue;
else if (s == "&")
implicitCapture = Capture::ByReference;
implicitCapture = LifetimeCapture::ByReference;
}
}
}
@ -4050,8 +4207,8 @@ struct Lambda {
const Token * arguments;
const Token * returnTok;
const Token * bodyTok;
std::unordered_map<const Variable*, std::pair<const Token*, Capture>> explicitCaptures;
Capture implicitCapture;
std::unordered_map<const Variable*, std::pair<const Token*, LifetimeCapture>> explicitCaptures;
LifetimeCapture implicitCapture;
std::vector<const Token*> getCaptures() {
return getArguments(capture);
@ -4126,16 +4283,16 @@ static void valueFlowLifetime(TokenList *tokenlist, SymbolDatabase*, ErrorLogger
bool update = false;
// cppcheck-suppress varid0
auto captureVariable = [&](const Token* tok2, Lambda::Capture c, std::function<bool(const Token*)> pred) {
auto captureVariable = [&](const Token* tok2, LifetimeCapture c, std::function<bool(const Token*)> pred) {
if (varids.count(tok->varId()) > 0)
return;
ErrorPath errorPath;
if (c == Lambda::Capture::ByReference) {
if (c == LifetimeCapture::ByReference) {
LifetimeStore ls{
tok2, "Lambda captures variable by reference here.", ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeKind::Lambda};
ls.forward = false;
update |= ls.byRef(tok, tokenlist, errorLogger, settings, pred);
} else if (c == Lambda::Capture::ByValue) {
} else if (c == LifetimeCapture::ByValue) {
LifetimeStore ls{
tok2, "Lambda captures variable by value here.", ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeKind::Lambda};
ls.forward = false;
@ -4144,12 +4301,12 @@ static void valueFlowLifetime(TokenList *tokenlist, SymbolDatabase*, ErrorLogger
}
};
auto captureThisVariable = [&](const Token* tok2, Lambda::Capture c) {
auto captureThisVariable = [&](const Token* tok2, LifetimeCapture c) {
ValueFlow::Value value;
value.valueType = ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::LIFETIME;
if (c == Lambda::Capture::ByReference)
if (c == LifetimeCapture::ByReference)
value.lifetimeScope = ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeScope::ThisPointer;
else if (c == Lambda::Capture::ByValue)
else if (c == LifetimeCapture::ByValue)
value.lifetimeScope = ValueFlow::Value::LifetimeScope::ThisValue;
value.tokvalue = tok2;
value.errorPath.push_back({tok2, "Lambda captures the 'this' variable here."});
@ -4166,7 +4323,7 @@ static void valueFlowLifetime(TokenList *tokenlist, SymbolDatabase*, ErrorLogger
for (const auto& p:lam.explicitCaptures) {
const Variable* var = p.first;
const Token* tok2 = p.second.first;
Lambda::Capture c = p.second.second;
LifetimeCapture c = p.second.second;
if (Token::Match(tok2, "this !!.")) {
captureThisVariable(tok2, c);
} else if (var) {
@ -4199,7 +4356,7 @@ static void valueFlowLifetime(TokenList *tokenlist, SymbolDatabase*, ErrorLogger
for (const Token * tok2 = lam.bodyTok; tok2 != lam.bodyTok->link(); tok2 = tok2->next()) {
if (isImplicitCapturingThis(tok2)) {
captureThisVariable(tok2, Lambda::Capture::ByReference);
captureThisVariable(tok2, LifetimeCapture::ByReference);
} else if (tok2->variable()) {
captureVariable(tok2, lam.implicitCapture, isImplicitCapturingVariable);
}
@ -4305,7 +4462,7 @@ static void valueFlowLifetime(TokenList *tokenlist, SymbolDatabase*, ErrorLogger
valueFlowForwardLifetime(parent->tokAt(2), tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
}
// Check constructors
else if (Token::Match(tok, "=|return|%type%|%var% {")) {
else if (Token::Match(tok, "=|return|%type%|%var% {") && !isScope(tok->next())) {
valueFlowLifetimeConstructor(tok->next(), tokenlist, errorLogger, settings);
}
// Check function calls

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@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ private:
TEST_CASE(danglingLifetimeUniquePtr);
TEST_CASE(danglingLifetime);
TEST_CASE(danglingLifetimeFunction);
TEST_CASE(danglingLifetimeUserConstructor);
TEST_CASE(danglingLifetimeAggegrateConstructor);
TEST_CASE(danglingLifetimeInitList);
TEST_CASE(danglingLifetimeImplicitConversion);
@ -3045,6 +3046,159 @@ private:
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
}
void danglingLifetimeUserConstructor()
{
check("struct A {\n"
" int* i;\n"
" A(int& x)\n"
" : i(&x)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" int i = 0;\n"
" A a{i};\n"
" return a;\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:9] -> [test.cpp:8] -> [test.cpp:10]: (error) Returning object that points to local variable 'i' that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" int* i;\n"
" A(int& x);\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" int i = 0;\n"
" A a{i};\n"
" return a;\n"
"}\n",
true);
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:7] -> [test.cpp:6] -> [test.cpp:8]: (error, inconclusive) Returning object that points to local variable 'i' that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" int* i;\n"
" A(const int& x);\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" int i = 0;\n"
" A a{i};\n"
" return a;\n"
"}\n",
true);
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" int& i;\n"
" A(int& x)\n"
" : i(x)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" int i = 0;\n"
" A a{i};\n"
" return a;\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:9] -> [test.cpp:8] -> [test.cpp:10]: (error) Returning object that points to local variable 'i' that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" int& i;\n"
" A(const std::vector<int>& x)\n"
" : i(x[0])\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" std::vector<int> v = {0};\n"
" A a{v};\n"
" return a;\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:9] -> [test.cpp:8] -> [test.cpp:10]: (error) Returning object that points to local variable 'v' that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" int* i;\n"
" A(const std::vector<int>& x)\n"
" : i(x.data())\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" std::vector<int> v = {0};\n"
" A a{v};\n"
" return a;\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:9] -> [test.cpp:8] -> [test.cpp:10]: (error) Returning object that points to local variable 'v' that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" const int* i;\n"
" A(const int& x)\n"
" : i(&x)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" A a{0};\n"
" return a;\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:8] -> [test.cpp:9]: (error) Returning object that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" const int* i;\n"
" A(const int& x)\n"
" : i(&x)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" int i = 0;\n"
" return A{i};\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:9] -> [test.cpp:8] -> [test.cpp:9]: (error) Returning object that points to local variable 'i' that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" std::string v;\n"
" A(const std::string& s)\n"
" : v(s)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" std::string s;\n"
" return A{s};\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" std::string_view v;\n"
" A(const std::string& s)\n"
" : v(s)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" std::string s;\n"
" return A{s};\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:9] -> [test.cpp:8] -> [test.cpp:9]: (error) Returning object that points to local variable 's' that will be invalid when returning.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" const int* i;\n"
" A(const int& x)\n"
" : i(&x)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"A f() {\n"
" return A{0};\n"
"}\n");
TODO_ASSERT_EQUALS("error", "", errout.str());
}
void danglingLifetimeAggegrateConstructor() {
check("struct A {\n"
" const int& x;\n"

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@ -3962,6 +3962,52 @@ private:
" return b;\n"
"}\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
// #10702
check("struct Object {\n"
" int _count=0;\n"
" void increment() { ++_count;}\n"
" auto get() const { return _count; }\n"
"};\n"
"struct Modifier {\n"
"Object & _object;\n"
" explicit Modifier(Object & object) : _object(object) {}\n"
" void do_something() { _object.increment(); }\n"
"};\n"
"struct Foo {\n"
" Object _object;\n"
" void foo() {\n"
" Modifier mod(_object);\n"
" if (_object.get()>0)\n"
" return;\n"
" mod.do_something();\n"
" if (_object.get()>0)\n"
" return;\n"
" }\n"
"};\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
check("struct Object {\n"
" int _count=0;\n"
" auto get() const;\n"
"};\n"
"struct Modifier {\n"
"Object & _object;\n"
" explicit Modifier(Object & object);\n"
" void do_something();\n"
"};\n"
"struct Foo {\n"
" Object _object;\n"
" void foo() {\n"
" Modifier mod(_object);\n"
" if (_object.get()>0)\n"
" return;\n"
" mod.do_something();\n"
" if (_object.get()>0)\n"
" return;\n"
" }\n"
"};\n");
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
}
void alwaysTrueSymbolic()

View File

@ -5093,6 +5093,37 @@ private:
ASSERT_EQUALS(
"[test.cpp:3] -> [test.cpp:3] -> [test.cpp:3] -> [test.cpp:4] -> [test.cpp:2] -> [test.cpp:5]: (error) Using pointer to local variable 'v' that may be invalid.\n",
errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" const std::vector<int>* i;\n"
" A(const std::vector<int>& v)\n"
" : i(&v)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"int f() {\n"
" std::vector<int> v;\n"
" A a{v};\n"
" v.push_back(1);\n"
" return a.i->front();\n"
"}\n",
true);
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
check("struct A {\n"
" const std::vector<int>* i;\n"
" A(const std::vector<int>& v)\n"
" : i(&v)\n"
" {}\n"
"};\n"
"void g(const std::vector<int>& v);\n"
"void f() {\n"
" std::vector<int> v;\n"
" A a{v};\n"
" v.push_back(1);\n"
" g(a);\n"
"}\n",
true);
ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
}
void invalidContainerLoop() {