Commit Graph

11897 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Daniel Marjamäki 137f262300 Fix Token::isImpossibleIntValue 2020-05-09 10:30:19 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki d4169f04d5 Bug hunting; Avoid false warnings for impossible values 2020-05-08 17:42:56 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki ab8bf81f03 ValueFlow: Try to clarify debug output for impossible values 2020-05-08 16:13:55 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 02d88cb191 Travis: Run TestExprEngine tests 2020-05-08 12:21:22 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 4779cb124e Fixed #9649 (False positive: uninitialized struct member) 2020-05-07 22:27:18 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 00d1091506 Tokenizer: operator handling, fix tests 2020-05-04 23:00:51 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 06cb0e99d1 Tokenizer: Fix syntax error when operator* is called 2020-05-04 21:33:30 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 8c57055a0b Try to make Travis happy 2020-05-03 20:46:29 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki b5094f298a Bug hunting; Add new 'incomplete' flag for error messages. Used when analysis is incomplete. 2020-05-03 17:20:38 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 4c63940902 Add bug hunting test case for CVE-2019-7156 2020-05-02 22:22:31 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 5eeeba97eb SymbolDatabase: Better handling of function pointer function argument 2020-05-02 17:04:54 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 56abbc1d42 Fixed segmentation faults 2020-05-01 18:10:18 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 34572a40ab Bug hunting: Fixed handling of switch 'case %char%' 2020-05-01 15:15:24 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 999ef06156 ExprEngine: Try to handle function with unknown type better 2020-04-30 22:10:30 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki b27fabaacb Refactoring ExprEngine 2020-04-30 21:49:27 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki b97250e0fa ExprEngine; Try to handle assignments better 2020-04-30 21:05:34 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 5a9e81897a ExprEngine: Document how it works 2020-04-30 12:18:49 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e30eabc896 ExprEngine: Fail to execute contract => write error message 2020-04-29 18:30:12 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki daea5e2d6c Bug hunting: Do not warn about 'Division by zero' when variable is uninitialized 2020-04-29 11:00:33 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 5d67fd0e56 Bug hunting: Set 'inconclusive' flag for bailout values 2020-04-29 10:58:01 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 3eb19a64cb Removed inline suppression, it was not a FP, use #ifdef differently 2020-04-28 22:29:16 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 13e79fdeb6 Temporary inline suppression to hide false positive 2020-04-28 22:21:07 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 249a101ec2 Travis: Fix naming 2020-04-28 22:18:02 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 12dfd8a5ca GUI: Show missing/added contracts in tab 2020-04-28 22:09:01 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki dab8b9fd31 ExprEngine: Improved checking of contracts in function calls 2020-04-28 17:16:13 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki c19a9c2ad9 GUI: Only edit contract for non-bailout warnings 2020-04-27 19:43:38 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 2e369cc842 astyle formatting
[ci skip]
2020-04-27 17:35:52 +02:00
Lionel Gimbert ad6be7b122
Enforcing CppCoreGuideline C.35 on virtual class destructor (#2572)
* Enforcing CppCoreGuideline C.35
A base class destructor should be either public and virtual, or protected and non-virtual

https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#Rc-dtor-virtual

* Protected destructor of ciurtual class can be virtual
2020-04-27 09:22:42 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki f7096a2232 Bug hunting: basic handling of contracts through GUI 2020-04-27 09:08:50 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 72e0a4be29 Fixed initializerList warning 2020-04-26 15:24:25 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 6d7dd7400d Refactoring; Sort options alphabetically. Removed unused --check-diff functionality. 2020-04-26 10:22:12 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 47c998e52d Fixed #9689 (setVarId: wrong varid when 'not' is used) 2020-04-25 14:42:45 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 39710f106c Fixed #9693 (Bug hunting: Segmentation fault with --bug-hunting and clangimport.cpp) 2020-04-25 10:13:18 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg 04bd2bdb74
some sanitizer build fixes and cleanups (#2621)
* cleaned up sanitizer build flags

* exprengine.cpp: work around linker error with Clang and UBSAN
2020-04-24 21:17:06 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 3042bbdc3d Bug hunting: Handle early returns faster 2020-04-24 18:51:54 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 2a09465a07
Fix issue 9686: Regression: ValueFlow should handle try/catch better (#2618) 2020-04-22 19:20:03 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg 1388e9385b
cleaned up setting of compiler options and a few more things in CMake (#2599)
* cleaned up compiler options related code in CMake

* moved cmake_minimum_required() and raised to latest 2.8.x version

* use proper compiler version check / print compiler version

* fixed linking of sanitized builds

* added proper version checks to newer Clang warnings and enabled them / moved tinyxml_objs flags to proper compiler

* disabled -Wdeprecated-declarations for Clang

* compileroptions.cmake: removed unnecessary check for clang++ existence - CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID is determined by CMake

* printInfo.cmake: removed unnecessary message for ANALYZE_ADDRESS - LSAN is part of ASAN and enabled by default

* cleaned up if() comparisons in CMake

* added/adjusted TODOs
2020-04-22 11:04:19 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 387f0a268b Clang import: Better bailout for syntax errors when build dir is not used 2020-04-22 10:27:44 +02:00
Paul Fultz II d88557bc18
Rename constArgument to knownArgument (#2616) 2020-04-22 09:13:35 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 05dcb9a435 Clang import; Allow Clang import without a Cppcheck build dir 2020-04-21 22:26:34 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg 1af959af2c
fixed -Wextra-semi-stmt Clang warnings (#2553)
* fixed -Wextra-semi-stmt Clang warnings

* adjusted REDIRECT macro to require a semicolon

* testmathlib.cpp: rolled back accidental change
2020-04-21 17:27:51 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki bda73600e0 Tokenizer: Improved removal of unused template (#9588) 2020-04-20 20:48:22 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki da6e0308c5 Fixed #9195 (False positive: shadowFunction when constructor is shadowed) 2020-04-20 18:02:10 +02:00
Zorgovskiy 08fc956990
Fixes issue #9664 (#2614) 2020-04-20 08:59:35 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 219180b00a Fixed #9038 (Auto type with explicit pointer symbol detected as integer) 2020-04-19 20:08:47 +02:00
Lukas Grützmacher 095fd2bc62
add command line option to select single project configuration of loaded solution (#2523)
* add command line option to select single project configuration of loaded solution

* Update cmdlineparser.cpp

* Update manual.md

* fix initialization
2020-04-19 18:19:28 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e8bbfdbfee Fixed #9559 (Multiple checks to std::atomic are not redundant) 2020-04-19 17:29:40 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 3c56ccc33f Fixed #9531 (Syntax Error: AST broken, 'for' doesn't have two operands.) 2020-04-19 17:00:22 +02:00
Paul Fultz II e2efb338b6
Fix issue 9678: False positive: generic valueflow forward analysis (#2611) 2020-04-19 08:28:07 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 54978847c5 Fixed #8916 (FP: followVar does not seem to handle non-const method call properly) 2020-04-18 19:54:55 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki de53f63f76 Fixed #9665 (Tokenizer::setVarId: for loop variables) 2020-04-18 12:08:53 +02:00
Carl Michael Grüner Monzón 7c93f51885
Consider pre{inc,dec}rements on assert checks (#2605)
* Consider pre{inc,dec}rements on assert checks

* Simplify code by using new AST APIs

* Fix assert test with invalid syntax
2020-04-18 09:26:24 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 453a69dd8c
Fix issue 9677: False positive: returning pointer to oject that will not be invalid (#2607)
* Fix issue 9677: False positive: returning pointer to oject that will not be invalid

* Formatting
2020-04-18 09:23:10 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki aa1bbf2e62 Fixed #9679 (False positive: use this after free (lambda not executed directly)) 2020-04-17 20:20:45 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e4bea02cad Fixed #7578 (varid not set for 'pointer to array' member variable in method) 2020-04-15 20:56:21 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 266c8d2c09 Remove temporary daca bailouts 2020-04-15 19:54:56 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 98be091d80 Fixed typedef simplification for array of function pointers 2020-04-13 16:28:01 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 9ccf068393 astyle formatting
[ci skip]
2020-04-13 13:48:05 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg 2c1e36e63e
cleaned up includes based on include-what-you-use (#2600)
* cleaned up includes based on include-what-you-use

* check.h: trying to work around Visual Studio 2012 bug

* fixed Visual Studio compilation
2020-04-13 13:44:48 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 0747bc7ba3 Clang import; Ensure Function::arg is set 2020-04-13 13:37:34 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e1543587e0 Clang import; Bailout if clang reports error message 2020-04-13 12:52:24 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 2f5e585e59 astyle formatting
[ci skip]
2020-04-13 12:52:00 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki adb3588b24 Clang import; Set Variable::typeStartToken and Variable::typeEndToken 2020-04-13 10:45:31 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki c99867421d Clang import; Fixed dead pointer 2020-04-12 22:41:45 +02:00
shaneasd 82c09f243b
Maybeunusedsupport (#2570)
* Add rudimentary support for [[maybe_unused]]

* Add more test cases. use the symboldatabase rather than reparsing. Fix travis error.

* test review actions

* change var to usage._var
2020-04-12 20:35:54 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 97f5c5767e Clang import; Ensure function pointer is created 2020-04-12 20:34:05 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 6b579293b6 Clang import; Destructor 2020-04-12 17:27:49 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 4dfb793cd2 Clang import; Improved handling of constructor 2020-04-12 17:27:49 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 97b04ba9a7 Syntax check: Using keyword in global scope 2020-04-11 17:36:22 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 8b27f1c216
Fix issue 9667: crash: crash in valueflow for weird code where label address is returned (#2602) 2020-04-11 13:56:53 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e8e3c2660d Detect syntax error 'x ==> y' 2020-04-11 11:05:27 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 32bf53eeda Fixed #9221 (False positive when using an array of lists) 2020-04-10 14:01:15 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki eff225a09c Use 'static' instead of unnamed namespace for variables 2020-04-10 13:48:38 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki b67a043e5b Remove unused variable 2020-04-10 13:16:15 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 05769e8dcc Code cleanup 2020-04-10 13:14:38 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki c029d5150c Fixed #9123 (False positive: uninitialized variable) 2020-04-10 12:33:15 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 0725c2290c Tokenizer: Do not simplify function pointers to normal pointers as we loose important information 2020-04-10 11:53:32 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e0c8118c02 Fixed crash in AST 2020-04-09 17:42:51 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki d7af52865d ValueFlow: avoid crash when && is used in r-value variable declaration 2020-04-09 14:38:10 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e7ddd9cc15 ForwardAnalyzer: Add recursion limit 10000 2020-04-09 12:11:33 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg aaffd1f761
some cleanups (#2601)
* exclude the *_sanitized fuzz-client dependencies from all as well

* .gitignore: added CMake output folders and removed a duplicated entry
2020-04-09 09:23:31 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 8e9d7290b2 Tokenizer::simplifyTypedef: Better handling of r-value references 2020-04-08 22:40:45 +02:00
Achouv 7719e4309d
avoid false positive unused static const struct member (#2598) 2020-04-08 18:09:20 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg e3b644d877
aligned GCC warnings (#2592)
* excluded oss-fuzz related CMake targets from all

* checkstl.cpp: fixed -Wmissing-declarations warning

* suppress -Wsuggest-attribute=format GCC warnings for tinyxml in CMake for now

* aligned GCC warnings in dmake, CMake and Travis / removed now useless WARNINGS_ANSI_ISO
2020-04-08 14:56:12 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 3773d0e875
Find more redundant conditions (#2597) 2020-04-07 07:15:15 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 66ee3a0afc Clang import: Better handling of methods that are defined after declaration 2020-04-06 17:18:52 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 8dd0a9241c TemplateSimplifier: Simplification of const types 2020-04-05 13:51:58 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 189cf29597 astyle formatting
[ci skip]
2020-04-05 10:57:51 +02:00
Sam Lane 60f9fefcd4
Add Support For Configuring Addon Python Interpreter Version (#2591) 2020-04-05 10:57:28 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki f01783238e Fixed #9596 (False positive: Returning an integer in a function with a pointer return type auto handling) 2020-04-04 20:03:48 +02:00
orbitcowboy 048b08f5be Running astyle. There are no functional changes [ci skip] 2020-04-04 14:49:08 +02:00
Paul Fultz II efdc5f5c4e
Fix issue 9435: False negative: invalidContainer when using range for loop (#2587)
* Fix issue 9435: False negative: invalidContainer when using range for loop

* Use ast

* Make string const
2020-04-04 11:47:02 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg 1dd8d4afaf
fixes for Clang and clang-tidy 10 (#2588)
* clang_tidy.cmake: added clang-tidy-10 to program list

* fixed -Wrange-loop-construct Clang warnings

* fixed readability-qualified-auto clang-tidy warnings

* .clang-tidy: actually disable clang-analyzer-* warnings

* .clang-tidy: disabled some new warnings introduced with clang-tidy-10
2020-04-04 11:44:59 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki ac45bf7af2 Small refactoring 2020-04-04 11:19:39 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 40e1e82a65
Fix issue 9644: Token::astOperand1() cyclic dependency on valid C++ code (#2590)
* Remove check for lambda

* Add test case
2020-04-04 10:55:31 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki e0acd1abf8 Tokenizer: Report unknown macro that contains '.x=..' argument 2020-04-04 10:32:56 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki efb583e3d1 astyle formatting
[ci skip]
2020-04-04 10:31:38 +02:00
Paul Fultz II a22a77c1fc
Use library config for unstable containers instead of hardcoded values (#2585)
* Use library config for unstable containers instead of hardcoded values

* Fix xml validation
2020-04-03 13:16:57 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 58e3f19ed8
Fix issue 9662: AST broken, ternary operator missing operand(s) on valid C++ code (#2589)
* Fix issue 9662: AST broken, ternary operator missing operand(s) on valid C++ code

* Add test for issue 9537
2020-04-03 10:04:10 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg 8968edeabd
avoid unnecessary creation of lists in SingleValueFlowForwardAnalyzer.isAlias() and MultiValueFlowForwardAnalyzer.isAlias() (#2586)
Comparing before and after (Ir per call) when scanning the Cppcheck source:
SingleValueFlowForwardAnalyzer.isAlias()
1246 -> 1101
MultiValueFlowForwardAnalyzer.isAlias()
4202 -> 1617
2020-04-03 09:25:21 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 71deaaeb18
Fix issue 9608: False Positive: returnDanglingLifetime with braced-init-list (#2583) 2020-04-02 10:17:58 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 02ae71917a
Fix issue 9536: False positive: Reference to temporary returned when using operator() (#2582)
* Fix issue 9536: False positive: Reference to temporary returned when using operator()

* Add more test cases
2020-04-01 22:35:41 +02:00
Paul Fultz II 6cc58e1086
Set a max for the combination of arguments that can be passsed through valueFlowSubFunction (#2579)
* Set a max for the combination of arguments that can be passsed

* Skip mismatch path ids when computing the cross product
2020-04-01 22:33:09 +02:00
Armin Müller 3ff171e157
Typos found by running "codespell" (#2584) 2020-04-01 14:37:43 +02:00
Daniel Marjamäki 7577bdb1df DACA: Try to avoid some crashes/hangs for the most crazy code so we can focus on most serious bugs first 2020-03-31 11:33:38 +02:00
Oliver Stöneberg 28cd5d7ea2
fixed OSS-Fuzz builds and added CMake targets (#2577)
* fixed compilation of OSS-Fuzz clients

* added preliminary CMake target for fuzz-client - also added *_sanitized targets of dependencies (only available with Clang)

* added oss-fuzz build to Travis CI
2020-03-31 09:33:58 +02:00
orbitcowboy acdc62f8f0 Formatted the code. There are no functional changes [ci skip] 2020-03-26 17:03:21 +01:00
Paul Fultz II 5462e43161
Fix issue 9639: False positive: Returning object that points to local variable that will be invalid when returning (#2576)
* Follow reference when tracking local variables

* Fix issue 9639: False positive: Returning object that points to local variable that will be invalid when returning
2020-03-23 22:54:53 +01:00
Paul Fultz II b68d6f9471
Fix crash in valueflow when using local classes (#2575) 2020-03-22 10:12:53 +01:00
Paul Fultz II 7fd3580f21
Dont traverse conditions multiple times (#2574) 2020-03-20 10:37:16 +01:00
Paul Fultz II f2527f5340
Fix crash in valueFlowForLoopSimplifyAfter (#2573) 2020-03-20 07:16:05 +01:00
Dmitry-Me dd5b9f3b82 Resolve sign mismatch warnings 2020-03-19 18:22:55 +03:00
orbitcowboy 637c4e2bc0 wxwidgets.cfg: Added support for more interfaces. 2020-03-15 19:39:23 +01:00
Dmitry-Me ab5835d359
Avoid giant C4267 warning in 64-bit Visual C++ build (#2569) 2020-03-14 14:41:45 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 1173186876 Fixed daca@home crash by stopping for unknown macro 'MACRO(a();b();)' 2020-03-12 13:28:09 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 900b99fbd8 Tokenizer; Report unknown macro used in function declaration 2020-03-10 20:22:46 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 51732e9d75 ForwardAnalyzer: Fixed crash 2020-03-10 10:36:05 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki f093d23a36 SymbolDatabase: Fixed addArguments 2020-03-09 15:13:50 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 1008868506 AST: Better handling of '(type){..}' 2020-03-08 16:46:06 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki cdee62c032 AST: Fixed AST for struct cast '(struct T){...}' 2020-03-08 16:21:22 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki f7612fd1a9 ForwardAnalyser; Tweak fix for crash 2020-03-08 12:02:45 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 2600dee36c ForwardAnalyzer: Fix crash in cast '(T* &&)', the && does not have operands 2020-03-08 11:49:14 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 5376ba1701 AST: Throw validation exception if ternary operator is missing operands 2020-03-07 21:46:38 +01:00
orbitcowboy 85a26802e3 Running astyle [ci skip] 2020-03-01 20:39:00 +01:00
Paul Fultz II 6ea4f60600
Enable valueFlowSubfunction for multiple parameters (#2550) 2020-03-01 16:46:20 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 5df6d5bc7c Tokenizer; Warn about unknown macro used in string concatenation 2020-02-28 21:52:01 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki baa4cee70c Travis: Fixed Cppcheck warning 2020-02-27 10:51:34 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 38b570138f AST: Try to handle c++17 for properly 'for (auto [a,b]:c)' 2020-02-27 09:58:53 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 84995485ea VarId: fixed varids for 'for (auto [x,y]: xy)' 2020-02-27 07:18:07 +01:00
Oliver Stöneberg 1863ccb0a7
fixed Clang warnings about unused variables (#2554) 2020-02-26 14:52:43 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki e4937ed621 AST: Fixed wrong AST for cast '(std::vector<int>&&)s->second' 2020-02-25 21:05:49 +01:00
Rikard Falkeborn 9896dce7f2
checkuninitvar: Fix FN with c++ casts (#2549) 2020-02-23 19:53:17 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 4f9a0b8420 Refactoring suppressions 2020-02-23 19:49:53 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki bba340da3d Preprocessor: Tweak parseCommentToken 2020-02-23 18:29:56 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 5ed5bf935f astyle formatting
[ci skip]
2020-02-23 18:04:47 +01:00
ghking 5479c7340b
a new method to declare inline suppress which is more readable and more convenient. (#2533) 2020-02-23 18:04:24 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki ef26b55737 AST: Fix wrong handling for '{scope} (expr)' 2020-02-23 15:01:06 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki f07a71e3e1 Report unknown macros for pattern '%name% %num%' 2020-02-22 11:57:36 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki cf10b1a220 fix ast for expression that starts with number 2020-02-21 21:11:32 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki ec8c733afb Improved Qt simplification 2020-02-21 19:04:21 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 388b5118df Fixed bad ast (wrong result from iscast()) 2020-02-21 17:15:33 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki c514818b65 astyle formatting
[ci skip]
2020-02-21 16:18:41 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 26a11e20d0 Revert "Fix crash with garbage code (#2547)"
This reverts commit b25709a492.

The real problem was wrong AST for valid code, I want to fix that instead.
2020-02-21 09:35:01 +01:00
Paul Fultz II b25709a492
Fix crash with garbage code (#2547) 2020-02-21 06:53:28 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 6f6f9dd5bc Tokenizer: Throw unknownMacro in non-executable scope 2020-02-19 21:12:58 +01:00
Paul Fultz II 392060aefe
Fix issue 7804: ValueFlow: possible value in second if body (#2543) 2020-02-19 07:55:04 +01:00
Rikard Falkeborn f6e7fb4bd9
Bugfix valuetype for some integer constants (#2545) 2020-02-19 07:51:39 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 95ac456e13 Fixed #9582 (false positive "error: Out of bounds access" with std::array and constant) 2020-02-19 07:36:02 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki 1fd85c0ae8 Fixed #9630 (False positive: in stlIfFind checking, if with initializer is not handled properly) 2020-02-18 19:02:54 +01:00
Daniel Marjamäki afb5590741 New check: delete 'self pointer' that might be used as 'this' and then use some member/method 2020-02-18 18:24:18 +01:00