/* * c++check - c/c++ syntax checking * Copyright (C) 2007 Daniel Marjamäki * * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program. If not, see #include #include #include // <- atoi #include //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Warning on C-Style casts.. p = (kalle *)foo; //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void WarningOldStylePointerCast() { for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { // Old style pointer casting.. if (!Match(tok, "( %type% * ) %var%")) continue; // Is "type" a class? const char *pattern[] = {"class","",NULL}; pattern[1] = getstr(tok, 1); if (!findtoken(tokens, pattern)) continue; std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok) << ": C-style pointer casting"; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Use standard function "isdigit" instead //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void WarningIsDigit() { for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { bool err = false; err |= Match(tok, "%var% >= '0' && %var% <= '9'"); err |= Match(tok, "* %var% >= '0' && * %var% <= '9'"); err |= Match(tok, "( %var% >= '0' ) && ( %var% <= '9' )"); err |= Match(tok, "( * %var% >= '0' ) && ( * %var% <= '9' )"); if (err) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok) << ": The condition can be simplified; use 'isdigit'"; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Use standard function "isalpha" instead //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void WarningIsAlpha() { for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { bool err = false; if ( tok->str[0] != '(' ) continue; err |= Match(tok, "( %var% >= 'A' && %var% <= 'Z' ) || ( %var% >= 'a' && %var% <= 'z' )"); err |= Match(tok, "( %var% >= 'a' && %var% <= 'z' ) || ( %var% >= 'A' && %var% <= 'Z' )"); err |= Match(tok, "( * %var% >= 'A' && * %var% <= 'Z' ) || ( * %var% >= 'a' && * %var% <= 'z' )"); err |= Match(tok, "( * %var% >= 'a' && * %var% <= 'z' ) || ( * %var% >= 'A' && * %var% <= 'Z' )"); err |= Match(tok, "( ( %var% >= 'A' ) && ( %var% <= 'Z' ) ) || ( ( %var% >= 'a' ) && ( %var% <= 'z' ) )"); err |= Match(tok, "( ( %var% >= 'a' ) && ( %var% <= 'z' ) ) || ( ( %var% >= 'A' ) && ( %var% <= 'Z' ) )"); err |= Match(tok, "( ( * %var% >= 'A' ) && ( * %var% <= 'Z' ) ) || ( ( * var >= 'a' ) && ( * %var% <= 'z' ) )"); err |= Match(tok, "( ( * %var% >= 'a' ) && ( * %var% <= 'z' ) ) || ( ( * var >= 'A' ) && ( * %var% <= 'Z' ) )"); if (err) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok) << ": The condition can be simplified; use 'isalpha'"; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Redundant code.. //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void WarningRedundantCode() { // if (p) delete p for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { if (strcmp(tok->str,"if")) continue; const char *varname1 = NULL; const TOKEN *tok2 = NULL; if (Match(tok,"if ( %var% )")) { varname1 = getstr(tok, 2); tok2 = gettok(tok, 4); } else if (Match(tok,"if ( %var% != NULL )")) { varname1 = getstr(tok, 2); tok2 = gettok(tok, 6); } if (varname1==NULL || tok2==NULL) continue; if ( tok2->str[0] == '{' ) tok2 = tok2->next; bool err = false; if (Match(tok2,"delete %var% ;")) err = (strcmp(getstr(tok2,1),varname1)==0); else if (Match(tok2,"delete [ ] %var% ;")) err = (strcmp(getstr(tok2,1),varname1)==0); else if (Match(tok2,"free ( %var% )")) err = (strcmp(getstr(tok2,2),varname1)==0); else if (Match(tok2,"kfree ( %var% )")) err = (strcmp(getstr(tok2,2),varname1)==0); if (err) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok) << ": Redundant condition. It is safe to deallocate a NULL pointer"; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } // TODO: Redundant condition // if (haystack.find(needle) != haystack.end()) // haystack.remove(needle); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // if (condition) .... //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void WarningIf() { // Search for 'if (condition);' for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { if (strcmp(tok->str,"if")==0) { int parlevel = 0; for (const TOKEN *tok2 = tok->next; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next) { if (tok2->str[0]=='(') parlevel++; else if (tok2->str[0]==')') { parlevel--; if (parlevel<=0) { if (strcmp(getstr(tok2,1), ";") == 0 && strcmp(getstr(tok2,2), "else") != 0) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok) << ": Found \"if (condition);\""; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } break; } } } } } // Search for 'a=b; if (a==b)' for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { // Begin statement? if ( ! strchr(";{}", tok->str[0]) ) continue; tok = tok->next; if ( ! tok ) break; if (!Match(tok,"%var% = %var% ; if ( %var%")) continue; if ( strcmp(getstr(tok, 9), ")") != 0 ) continue; // var1 = var2 ; if ( var3 cond var4 ) const char *var1 = tok->str; const char *var2 = getstr(tok, 2); const char *var3 = getstr(tok, 6); const char *cond = getstr(tok, 7); const char *var4 = getstr(tok, 8); // Check that var3 is equal with either var1 or var2 if (strcmp(var1,var3) && strcmp(var2,var3)) continue; // Check that var4 is equal with either var1 or var2 if (strcmp(var1,var4) && strcmp(var2,var4)) continue; // Check that there is a condition.. const char *p[6] = {"==","<=",">=","!=","<",">"}; bool iscond = false; for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) iscond |= (strcmp(cond, p[i]) == 0); if (!iscond) break; // we found the error. Report. std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(gettok(tok,4)) << ": The condition is always "; for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if (strcmp(cond, p[i]) == 0) ostr << (i < 3 ? "True" : "False"); } ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // strtol(str, 0, radix) <- radix must be 0 or 2-36 //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void InvalidFunctionUsage() { for ( const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next ) { if ( strcmp(tok->str, "strtol") && strcmp(tok->str, "strtoul") ) continue; // Locate the third parameter of the function call.. int parlevel = 0; int param = 1; for ( const TOKEN *tok2 = tok->next; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next ) { if ( tok2->str[0] == '(' ) parlevel++; else if (tok2->str[0] == ')') parlevel--; else if (parlevel == 1 && tok2->str[0] == ',') { param++; if (param==3) { if ( Match(tok2, ", %num% )") ) { int radix = atoi(tok2->next->str); if (!(radix==0 || (radix>=2 && radix<=36))) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok2) << ": Invalid radix in call to strtol or strtoul. Must be 0 or 2-36"; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } break; } } } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Assignment in condition //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void CheckIfAssignment() { for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { if (Match(tok, "if ( %var% = %num% )") || Match(tok, "if ( %var% = %str% )") || Match(tok, "if ( %var% = %var% )") ) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok) << ": Possible bug. Should it be '==' instead of '='?"; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Check for unsigned divisions //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void CheckUnsignedDivision() { // Check for "ivar / uvar" and "uvar / ivar" std::map varsign; for ( TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next ) { if ( Match(tok, "[{};(,] %type% %var% [;=,)]") ) { const char *type = getstr(tok, 1); if (strcmp(type,"char")==0 || strcmp(type,"short")==0 || strcmp(type,"int")==0) varsign[getstr(tok,2)] = 's'; } else if ( Match(tok, "[{};(,] unsigned %type% %var% [;=,)]") ) varsign[getstr(tok,3)] = 'u'; else if (!Match(tok,"[).]") && Match(tok->next, "%var% / %var%")) { const char *varname1 = getstr(tok,1); const char *varname2 = getstr(tok,3); char sign1 = varsign[varname1]; char sign2 = varsign[varname2]; if ( sign1 && sign2 && sign1 != sign2 ) { // One of the operands are signed, the other is unsigned.. std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok->next) << ": Warning: Division with signed and unsigned operators"; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } else if (!Match(tok,"[).]") && Match(tok->next, "%var% / - %num%")) { const char *varname1 = getstr(tok,1); char sign1 = varsign[varname1]; if ( sign1 == 'u' ) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok->next) << ": Unsigned division. The result will be wrong."; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } else if (Match(tok, "[([=*/+-] - %num% / %var%")) { const char *varname2 = getstr(tok,4); char sign2 = varsign[varname2]; if ( sign2 == 'u' ) { std::ostringstream ostr; ostr << FileLine(tok->next) << ": Unsigned division. The result will be wrong."; ReportErr(ostr.str()); } } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Check scope of variables.. //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- static void CheckVariableScope_LookupVar( const TOKEN *tok1, const char varname[] ); void CheckVariableScope() { // Walk through all tokens.. bool func = false; int indentlevel = 0; for ( const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next ) { // Skip class and struct declarations.. if ( strcmp(tok->str, "class") == 0 || strcmp(tok->str, "struct") == 0 ) { for (const TOKEN *tok2 = tok; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next) { if ( tok2->str[0] == '{' ) { int _indentlevel = 0; tok = tok2; for (tok = tok2; tok; tok = tok->next) { if ( tok->str[0] == '{' ) { _indentlevel++; } if ( tok->str[0] == '}' ) { _indentlevel--; if ( _indentlevel <= 0 ) { tok = tok->next; break; } } } break; } if (strchr(",);", tok2->str[0])) { break; } } if ( ! tok ) break; } if ( tok->str[0] == '{' ) { indentlevel++; } if ( tok->str[0] == '}' ) { indentlevel--; if ( indentlevel == 0 ) func = false; } if ( indentlevel == 0 && Match(tok, ") {") ) { func = true; } if ( indentlevel > 0 && func && strchr("{};", tok->str[0]) ) { // First token of statement.. const TOKEN *tok1 = tok->next; if ( ! tok1 ) continue; if (strcmp(tok1->str,"return")==0 || strcmp(tok1->str,"delete")==0 || strcmp(tok1->str,"goto")==0 || strcmp(tok1->str,"else")==0) continue; // Variable declaration? if (Match(tok1, "%var% %var% ;") || Match(tok1, "%var% %var% =") ) { CheckVariableScope_LookupVar( tok1, getstr(tok1, 1) ); } } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- static void CheckVariableScope_LookupVar( const TOKEN *tok1, const char varname[] ) { const TOKEN *tok = tok1; // Skip the variable declaration.. while ( tok->str[0] != ';' ) tok = tok->next; // Check if the variable is used in this indentlevel.. bool used = false, used1 = false; int indentlevel = 0; int parlevel = 0; bool for_or_while = false; while ( indentlevel >= 0 && tok ) { if ( tok->str[0] == '{' ) { indentlevel++; } else if ( tok->str[0] == '}' ) { indentlevel--; if ( indentlevel == 0 ) { if ( for_or_while && used ) return; used1 = used; used = false; } } else if ( tok->str[0] == '(' ) { parlevel++; } else if ( tok->str[0] == ')' ) { parlevel--; } else if ( strcmp(tok->str, varname) == 0 ) { if ( indentlevel == 0 || used1 ) return; used = true; } else if ( indentlevel==0 ) { if ( strcmp(tok->str,"for")==0 || strcmp(tok->str,"while")==0 ) for_or_while = true; if ( parlevel == 0 && tok->str[0] == ';' ) for_or_while = false; } tok = tok->next; } // Warning if "used" is true std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok1) << " The scope of the variable '" << varname << "' can be limited"; ReportErr( errmsg.str() ); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Check for constant function parameters //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void CheckConstantFunctionParameter() { for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { if ( Match(tok,"[,(] const std :: %type% %var% [,)]") ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok) << " " << getstr(tok,5) << " is passed by value, it could be passed by reference/pointer instead"; ReportErr( errmsg.str() ); } else if ( Match(tok,"[,(] const %type% %var% [,)]") ) { // Check if type is a struct or class. const char *pattern[3] = {"class","type",0}; pattern[1] = getstr(tok, 2); if ( findtoken(tokens, pattern) ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok) << " " << getstr(tok,3) << " is passed by value, it could be passed by reference/pointer instead"; ReportErr( errmsg.str() ); } pattern[0] = "struct"; if ( findtoken(tokens, pattern) ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok) << " " << getstr(tok,3) << " is passed by value, it could be passed by reference/pointer instead"; ReportErr( errmsg.str() ); } } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Check that all struct members are used //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void CheckStructMemberUsage() { const char *structname = 0; for ( const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next ) { if ( tok->FileIndex != 0 ) continue; if ( tok->str[0] == '}' ) structname = 0; if ( Match(tok, "struct %type% {") ) structname = getstr(tok, 1); if (structname && Match(tok, "[{;]")) { const char *varname = 0; if (Match(tok->next, "%type% %var% [;[]")) varname = getstr( tok, 2 ); else if (Match(tok->next, "%type% %type% %var% [;[]")) varname = getstr( tok, 2 ); else if (Match(tok->next, "%type% * %var% [;[]")) varname = getstr( tok, 3 ); else if (Match(tok->next, "%type% %type% * %var% [;[]")) varname = getstr( tok, 4 ); else continue; const char *varnames[2]; varnames[0] = varname; varnames[1] = 0; bool used = false; for ( const TOKEN *tok2 = tokens; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next ) { if ( tok->FileIndex != 0 ) continue; if (Match(tok2, ". %var%", varnames)) { if ( strcmp("=", getstr(tok2,2)) == 0 ) continue; used = true; break; } } if ( ! used ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok) << ": struct member '" << structname << "::" << varname << "' is never read"; ReportErr(errmsg.str()); } } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Check usage of char variables.. //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void CheckCharVariable() { for (const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next) { // Declaring the variable.. if ( Match(tok, "[{};(,] char %var% [;=,)]") ) { const char *varname[2] = {0}; varname[0] = getstr(tok, 2); // Check usage of char variable.. int indentlevel = 0; for ( const TOKEN *tok2 = tok->next; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next ) { if ( tok2->str[0] == '{' ) ++indentlevel; else if ( tok2->str[0] == '}' ) { --indentlevel; if ( indentlevel <= 0 ) break; } else if ( Match(tok2, "%var% [ %var1% ]", varname) ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok2) << ": Warning - using char variable as array index"; ReportErr(errmsg.str()); break; } else if ( Match(tok2, "[&|] %var1%", varname) || Match(tok2, "%var1% [&|]", varname) ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok2) << ": Warning - using char variable in bit operation"; ReportErr(errmsg.str()); break; } } } } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Incomplete statement.. //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void CheckIncompleteStatement() { int parlevel = 0; for ( const TOKEN *tok = tokens; tok; tok = tok->next ) { if ( tok->str[0] == '(' ) ++parlevel; else if ( tok->str[0] == ')' ) --parlevel; if ( parlevel != 0 ) continue; if ( !Match(tok,"#") && Match(tok->next,"; %str%") && !Match(gettok(tok,3), ",") ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok->next) << ": Redundant code: Found a statement that begins with string constant"; ReportErr(errmsg.str()); } if ( !Match(tok,"#") && Match(tok->next,"; %num%") && !Match(gettok(tok,3), ",") ) { std::ostringstream errmsg; errmsg << FileLine(tok->next) << ": Redundant code: Found a statement that begins with numeric constant"; ReportErr(errmsg.str()); } } }