/*
 * Cppcheck - A tool for static C/C++ code analysis
 * Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Daniel Marjamäki and Cppcheck team.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include "tokenize.h"
#include "checkuninitvar.h"
#include "testsuite.h"
#include <sstream>

extern std::ostringstream errout;

class TestUninitVar : public TestFixture
{
public:
    TestUninitVar() : TestFixture("TestUninitVar")
    { }

private:


    void run()
    {
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar1);
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_alloc);     // data is allocated but not initialized
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_arrays);    // arrays
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_class);     // class/struct
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_enum);      // enum variables
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_if);        // handling if
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_loops);     // handling for/while
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_switch);    // handling switch
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_references); // references
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_strncpy);   // strncpy doesn't always 0-terminate
        TEST_CASE(uninitvar_func);      // analyse functions
    }

    void checkUninitVar(const char code[])
    {
        // Tokenize..
        Tokenizer tokenizer;
        std::istringstream istr(code);
        tokenizer.tokenize(istr, "test.cpp");
        tokenizer.simplifyTokenList();

        // Clear the error buffer..
        errout.str("");

        // Check for redundant code..
        Settings settings;
        CheckUninitVar check(&tokenizer, &settings, this);
        check.executionPaths();
    }

    void uninitvar1()
    {
        // dereferencing uninitialized pointer..
        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo *p;\n"
                       "    p->abcd();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo<int> *p;\n"
                       "    p->abcd();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f(Foo *p)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    p->a = malloc(4 * a);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int *p;\n"
                       "    delete p;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int *p;\n"
                       "    delete [] p;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int *p;\n"
                       "    *p = 135;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int *x;\n"
                       "    int y = *x;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: x\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int *x;\n"
                       "    int &y(*x);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: x\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    int *y = &x;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x = xyz::x;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int ret;\n"
                       "    return ret;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: ret\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    a = 5 + a;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    a++;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    bar(4 * a);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    if (i);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: i\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    for (int x = 0; i < 10; x++);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: i\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    for (int x = 0; x < 10; i++);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: i\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static int foo(int x)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    if (x)\n"
                       "        i = 0;\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Uninitialized variable: i\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int ar[10];\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    ar[i] = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Uninitialized variable: i\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x, y;\n"
                       "    x = (y = 10);\n"
                       "    int z = y * 2;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo p;\n"
                       "    p.abcd();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo p;\n"
                       "    int x = p.abcd();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("A a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    A ret;\n"
                       "    return ret;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    return x;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: x\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x[10];\n"
                       "    int *y = x;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    int *y = &x;\n"
                       "    *y = 0;\n"
                       "    x++;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char x[10], y[10];\n"
                       "    char *z = x;\n"
                       "    memset(z, 0, sizeof(x));\n"
                       "    memcpy(y, x, sizeof(x));\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int ret;\n"
                       "    std::cin >> ret;\n"
                       "    return ret;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int ret;\n"
                       "    asm();\n"
                       "    return ret;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x[10];\n"
                       "    struct xyz xyz1 = { .x = x };\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    struct S *s;\n"
                       "    s->x = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: s\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    struct S *s;\n"
                       "    FOREACH() { }\n"
                       "    s->x = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Uninitialized variable: s\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    struct S *s1;\n"
                       "    struct S *s2;\n"
                       "    FOREACH(s1) { }\n"
                       "    s2->x = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Uninitialized variable: s2\n", errout.str());

        // #1533
        checkUninitVar("char a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char key;\n"
                       "    struct A msg = { .buf = {&key} };\n"
                       "    init(&msg);\n"
                       "    return key;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "   char *buf = malloc(100);\n"
                       "   struct ABC *abc = buf;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("class Fred {\n"
                       "public:\n"
                       "    FILE *f;\n"
                       "    ~Fred();\n"
                       "}\n"
                       "Fred::~Fred()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    fclose(f);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int c;\n"
                       "    ab(sizeof(xyz), &c);\n"
                       "    if (c);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int c;\n"
                       "    a = (f2(&c));\n"
                       "    c++;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f(int a)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    if (a) {\n"
                       "        char *p;\n"
                       "        *p = 0;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        // +=
        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int c;\n"
                       "    c += 2;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: c\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *s = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    *s += 10;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Data is allocated but not initialized: s\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a[10];\n"
                       "    a[0] += 10;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        // goto/setjmp/longjmp..
        checkUninitVar("void foo(int x)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    long b;\n"
                       "    if (g()) {\n"
                       "        b =2;\n"
                       "        goto found;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "\n"
                       "    return;\n"
                       "\n"
                       "found:\n"
                       "    int a = b;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    jmp_buf env;\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    int val = setjmp(env);\n"
                       "    if(val)\n"
                       "        return a;\n"
                       "    a = 1;\n"
                       "    longjmp(env, 1);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        // macro_for..
        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "  int retval;\n"
                       "  if (condition) {\n"
                       "    for12(1,2) { }\n"
                       "    retval = 1;\n"
                       "  }\n"
                       "  else\n"
                       "    retval = 2;\n"
                       "  return retval;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    goto exit;\n"
                       "    i++;\n"
                       "exit:\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }

    // if..
    void uninitvar_if()
    {
        checkUninitVar("static void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo *p;\n"
                       "    if (x)\n"
                       "        p = new Foo;\n"
                       "    p->abcd();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo(int x)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    if (x==1);\n"
                       "    if (x==2);\n"
                       "    x = a;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    if (x)\n"
                       "        i = 22;\n"
                       "    else\n"
                       "        i = 33;\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    if (x)\n"
                       "        i = 22;\n"
                       "    else\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        char *y = {0};\n"
                       "        i = 33;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    if (x)\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        struct abc abc1 = (struct abc) { .a=0, .b=0, .c=0 };\n"
                       "        i = 22;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    else\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        i = 33;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("static void foo(int x)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo *p;\n"
                       "    if (x)\n"
                       "        p = new Foo;\n"
                       "    if (x)\n"
                       "        p->abcd();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo(int a)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int n;\n"
                       "    int condition;\n"
                       "    if(a == 1) {\n"
                       "        n=0;\n"
                       "        condition=0;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    else {\n"
                       "        n=1;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "\n"
                       "    if( n == 0) {\n"
                       "        a=condition;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    C *c;\n"
                       "    if (fun(&c));\n"
                       "    c->Release();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo(int x)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    if (one())\n"
                       "        i = 1;\n"
                       "    else\n"
                       "        return 3;\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int ret;\n"
                       "    if (one())\n"
                       "        ret = 1;\n"
                       "    else\n"
                       "        throw 3;\n"
                       "    return ret;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int f(int a)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int ret;\n"
                       "    if (a == 1)\n"
                       "        ret = 1;\n"
                       "    else\n"
                       "        XYZ ret = 2;\n"  // XYZ may be an unexpanded macro so bailout the checking of "ret".
                       "    return ret;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int f(int a, int b)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "   int x;\n"
                       "   if (a)\n"
                       "      x = a;\n"
                       "   else {\n"
                       "      do { } while (f2());\n"
                       "      x = b;\n"
                       "   }\n"
                       "   return x;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo(long verbose,bool bFlag)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "  double t;\n"
                       "  if (bFlag)\n"
                       "  {\n"
                       "    if (verbose)\n"
                       "      t = 1;\n"
                       "    if (verbose)\n"
                       "      std::cout << (12-t);\n"
                       "  }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        // ? :
        checkUninitVar("static void foo(int v)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    if (v > 0)\n"
                       "        v = func(&x);\n"
                       "    x = v <= 0 ? -1 : x;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    const char *msgid1, *msgid2;\n"
                       "    int ret = bar(&msgid1);\n"
                       "    if (ret > 0) {\n"
                       "        ret = bar(&msgid2);\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    ret = ret <= 0 ? -1 :\n"
                       "          strcmp(msgid1, msgid2) == 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo(int a, int b)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x; x = (a<b) ? 1 : 0;\n"
                       "    int y = y;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: y\n", errout.str());

        // ; { .. }
        checkUninitVar("int foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "  int retval;\n"
                       "  if (condition) {\n"
                       "    { }\n"
                       "    retval = 1; }\n"
                       "  else\n"
                       "    retval = 2;\n"
                       "  return retval;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "  {\n"
                       "    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)\n"
                       "    { }\n"
                       "  }\n"
                       "\n"
                       "  { }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }


    // handling for/while loops..
    void uninitvar_loops()
    {
        // for..
        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {\n"
                       "        int a;\n"
                       "        b(4*a);\n"
                       "    }"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f() {\n"
                       "    int k;\n"
                       "    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {\n"
                       "        k = k + 2;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: k\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("enum ABCD { A, B, C, D };\n"
                       "\n"
                       "static void f(char *str ) {\n"
                       "	enum ABCD i;\n"
                       "	for (i = 0; i < D; i++) {\n"
                       "		str[i] = 0;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void x() {\n"
                       "    do  {\n"
                       "        Token * tok;\n"
                       "        for (tok = a; tok; tok = tok->next())\n"
                       "        {\n"
                       "        }\n"
                       "    } while (tok2);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        // while..
        checkUninitVar("int f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    while (fgets())\n"
                       "        i = 1;\n"
                       "    return i;"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Uninitialized variable: i\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f(int i)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    while (i < 10)\n"
                       "        i++;\n"
                       "    a++;"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());
    }

    // switch..
    void uninitvar_switch()
    {
        checkUninitVar("void f(int x)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    short c;\n"
                       "    switch(x) {\n"
                       "    case 1:\n"
                       "        c++;\n"
                       "        break;\n"
                       "    };\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Uninitialized variable: c\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("char * f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    static char ret[200];\n"
                       "    memset(ret, 0, sizeof(ret));\n"
                       "    switch (x)\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        case 1: return ret;\n"
                       "        case 2: return ret;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    return 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo(const int iVar, unsigned int slot, unsigned int pin)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "\n"
                       "    if (iVar == 0)\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        switch (slot)\n"
                       "        {\n"
                       "            case 4:  return 5;\n"
                       "            default: return -1;\n"
                       "        }\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    else\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        switch (pin)\n"
                       "        {\n"
                       "            case 0:   i =  2; break;\n"
                       "            default:  i = -1; break;\n"
                       "        }\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        // No segmentation fault
        checkUninitVar("void a() try\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        while (1) {\n"
                       "            switch (1) {\n"
                       "                case 1: {\n"
                       "                    int i;\n"
                       "                }\n"
                       "            }\n"
                       "        }\n"
                       "    } catch (...) {\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "}\n");

        // #1855 - switch(foo(&x))
        checkUninitVar("int a()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    switch (foo(&x))\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        case 1:\n"
                       "            return x;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }

    // arrays..
    void uninitvar_arrays()
    {
        checkUninitVar("int f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[10];\n"
                       "    a[a[0]] = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[10];\n"
                       "    char c = *a;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[10];\n"
                       "    *a = '\\0';\n"
                       "    int i = strlen(a);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a, b[10];\n"
                       "    a = b[0] = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[10], b[10];\n"
                       "    a[0] = b[0] = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[10], *p;\n"
                       "    *(p = a) = 0;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char c[50] = \"\";\n"
                       "    strcat(c, \"test\");\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char s[20];\n"
                       "    strcpy(s2, s);\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: s\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char s[20];\n"
                       "    strcat(s, \"abc\");\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: s\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char s[20];\n"
                       "    strchr(s, ' ');\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: s\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "        int y[2];\n"
                       "        int s;\n"
                       "        GetField( y + 0, \n"
                       "                       y + 1 );\n"
                       "        s = y[0]*y[1];\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }

    // alloc..
    void uninitvar_alloc()
    {
        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *s = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    strcat(s, \"abc\");\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Data is allocated but not initialized: s\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *s1 = new char[10];\n"
                       "    char *s2 = new char[strlen(s1)];\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Data is allocated but not initialized: s1\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *p = malloc(64);\n"
                       "    int x = p[0];\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Data is allocated but not initialized: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *p = malloc(64);\n"
                       "    if (p[0]) { }\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Data is allocated but not initialized: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *p = malloc(64);\n"
                       "    return p[0];\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Data is allocated but not initialized: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Fred *fred = new Fred;\n"
                       "    fred->foo();\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo(char *s)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *a = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    *a = *s;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *a;\n"
                       "    if (a);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: a\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *a = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    if (a);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    ABC *abc = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    abc->a = 123;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    ABC *abc = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    abc->a.word = 123;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    ABC *abc = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    abc->a = 123;\n"
                       "    abc->a += 123;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    ABC *abc = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    free(abc);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *s = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    if (!s)\n"
                       "        return;\n"
                       "    char c = *s;\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:6]: (error) Data is allocated but not initialized: s\n", errout.str());
    }

    // class / struct..
    void uninitvar_class()
    {
        checkUninitVar("class Fred\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    int a() { return i; }\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    struct Relative {\n"
                       "        Surface *surface;\n"
                       "        void MoveTo(int x, int y) {\n"
                       "            surface->MoveTo();\n"
                       "        }\n"
                       "    };\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    static const struct ab {\n"
                       "        int a,b;\n"
                       "        int get_a() { return a; }"
                       "    } = { 0, 0 };\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    {\n"
                       "        union ab {\n"
                       "            int a,b;\n"
                       "        }\n"
                       "        i = 0;\n"
                       "    }\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }

    // enum..
    void uninitvar_enum()
    {
        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    enum AB { a, b };\n"
                       "    AB ab;\n"
                       "    if (ab);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Uninitialized variable: ab\n", errout.str());
    }

    // references..
    void uninitvar_references()
    {
        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int a;\n"
                       "    int &b = a;\n"
                       "    b = 0;\n"
                       "    int x = a;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f(struct blame_entry *ent)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    struct origin *suspect = ent->suspect;\n"
                       "    char hex[41];\n"
                       "    strcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(suspect->commit->object.sha1));\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    const std::string s(x());\n"
                       "    strchr(s.c_str(), ',');\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }

    // strncpy doesn't always 0-terminate..
    void uninitvar_strncpy()
    {
        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[100];\n"
                       "    strncpy(a, s, 20);\n"
                       "    strncat(a, s, 20);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Dangerous usage of 'a' (strncpy doesn't always 0-terminate it)\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[100];\n"
                       "    strncpy(a, \"hello\", 3);\n"
                       "    strncat(a, \"world\", 20);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Dangerous usage of 'a' (strncpy doesn't always 0-terminate it)\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char a[100];\n"
                       "    strncpy(a, \"hello\", sizeof(a));\n"
                       "    strncat(a, \"world\", 20);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }


    std::string analyseFunctions(const char code[])
    {
        // Tokenize..
        Tokenizer tokenizer;
        std::istringstream istr(code);
        tokenizer.tokenize(istr, "test.cpp");

        std::set<std::string> f;
        const CheckUninitVar check((const Tokenizer *)0, (const Settings *)0, (ErrorLogger *)0);
        check.analyse(tokenizer.tokens(), f);

        std::string ret;
        for (std::set<std::string>::const_iterator it = f.begin(); it != f.end(); ++it)
            ret += (ret.empty() ? "" : " ") + *it;
        return ret;
    }

    void uninitvar_func()
    {
        // function analysis..
        ASSERT_EQUALS("foo", analyseFunctions("void foo(int x) { }"));
        ASSERT_EQUALS("foo", analyseFunctions("void foo(const int &x) { }"));
        ASSERT_EQUALS("foo", analyseFunctions("void foo(int &x) { ++x; }"));
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", analyseFunctions("void foo(int &x) { x = 0; }"));
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", analyseFunctions("void foo(s x) { }"));

        // function calls..
        checkUninitVar("void assignOne(int &x)\n"
                       "{ x = 1; }\n"
                       "\n"
                       "int f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    assignOne(i);\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "};\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int f(int (*assign)(int *p))\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int i;\n"
                       "    (*assign)(&i);\n"
                       "    return i;\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char s[10];\n"
                       "    return bar(s);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    FILE *f;\n"
                       "    fflush(f);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: f\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void f()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Abc *p;\n"
                       "    int sz = sizeof(*p);\n"
                       "}");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo *p;\n"
                       "    x = bar(sizeof(*p));\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    Foo *p;\n"
                       "    x = bar(p->begin());\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo(int x) { return x; }\n"
                       "void f2()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    foo(x);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (error) Uninitialized variable: x\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo(const char *s)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *p;\n"
                       "    memcpy(p, s, 100);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: p\n", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void foo(const char *s)\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    char *p = malloc(100);\n"
                       "    memcpy(p, s, 100);\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        // using uninitialized function pointer..
        checkUninitVar("void foo()\n"
                       "{\n"
                       "    void (*f)();\n"
                       "    f();\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (error) Uninitialized variable: f\n", errout.str());

        // calling noreturn function..
        checkUninitVar("int foo(int a) {\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    if (a==1)\n"
                       "        g();\n"    // might be a noreturn function
                       "    else\n"
                       "        x = 3;\n"
                       "    return x;\n"
                       "}");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("int foo(int a) {\n"
                       "    int x;\n"
                       "    if (a==1)\n"
                       "        g(1);\n"    // might be a noreturn function
                       "    else\n"
                       "        x = 3;\n"
                       "    return x;\n"
                       "}");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

        checkUninitVar("void (*init)(char *str);\n"
                       "\n"
                       "char x() {\n"
                       "    char cmd[10];\n"
                       "    init(cmd);\n"
                       "    return cmd[0];\n"
                       "}\n");
        ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());
    }
};

REGISTER_TEST(TestUninitVar)