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cppcheck/lib/checkstl.cpp

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/*
* Cppcheck - A tool for static C/C++ code analysis
* Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Daniel Marjamäki and Cppcheck team.
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "checkstl.h"
#include "tokenize.h"
#include "token.h"
// Register this check class (by creating a static instance of it)
namespace
{
CheckStl instance;
}
// Error message for bad iterator usage..
void CheckStl::iteratorsError(const Token *tok, const std::string &container1, const std::string &container2)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "iterators", "Same iterator is used with both " + container1 + " and " + container2);
}
// Error message used when dereferencing an iterator that has been erased..
void CheckStl::dereferenceErasedError(const Token *tok, const std::string &itername)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "eraseDereference", "Dereferenced iterator '" + itername + "' has been erased");
}
void CheckStl::iterators()
{
for (const Token *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
if (!Token::Match(tok, "%var% = %var% . begin ( ) ;|+"))
continue;
const unsigned int iteratorId(tok->varId());
const unsigned int containerId(tok->tokAt(2)->varId());
if (iteratorId == 0 || containerId == 0)
continue;
bool validIterator = true;
for (const Token *tok2 = tok->tokAt(7); tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
if (tok2->str() == "}")
break;
if (Token::Match(tok2, "%varid% != %var% . end ( )", iteratorId) && tok2->tokAt(2)->varId() != containerId)
{
iteratorsError(tok2, tok->strAt(2), tok2->strAt(2));
tok2 = tok2->tokAt(6);
}
else if (Token::Match(tok2, "%var% . insert|erase ( %varid%", iteratorId))
{
if (tok2->varId() != containerId && tok2->tokAt(5)->str() != ".")
iteratorsError(tok2, tok->strAt(2), tok2->str());
else if (tok2->strAt(2) == std::string("erase"))
validIterator = false;
tok2 = tok2->tokAt(4);
}
else if (!validIterator && Token::Match(tok2, "* %varid%", iteratorId))
{
dereferenceErasedError(tok2, tok2->strAt(1));
tok2 = tok2->next();
}
else if (!validIterator && Token::Match(tok2, "%varid% . %var%", iteratorId))
{
dereferenceErasedError(tok2, tok2->strAt(0));
tok2 = tok2->tokAt(2);
}
}
}
}
// Error message for bad iterator usage..
void CheckStl::mismatchingContainersError(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "mismatchingContainers", "mismatching containers");
}
void CheckStl::mismatchingContainers()
{
for (const Token *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
if (tok->str() != "std")
continue;
if (Token::Match(tok, "std :: find|find_if|count|transform|replace|replace_if|sort ( %var% . begin|rbegin ( ) , %var% . end|rend ( ) ,"))
{
if (tok->tokAt(4)->str() != tok->tokAt(10)->str())
{
mismatchingContainersError(tok);
}
}
}
}
void CheckStl::stlOutOfBounds()
{
for (const Token *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
if (!Token::simpleMatch(tok, "for ("))
continue;
unsigned int indent = 0;
for (const Token *tok2 = tok->tokAt(2); tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
if (tok2->str() == "(")
++indent;
else if (tok2->str() == ")")
{
if (indent == 0)
break;
--indent;
}
if (Token::Match(tok2, "; %var% <= %var% . size ( ) ;"))
{
unsigned int indent2 = 0;
unsigned int numId = tok2->tokAt(1)->varId();
unsigned int varId = tok2->tokAt(3)->varId();
for (const Token *tok3 = tok2->tokAt(8); tok3; tok3 = tok3->next())
{
if (tok3->str() == "{")
++indent2;
else if (tok3->str() == "}")
{
if (indent2 <= 1)
break;
--indent2;
}
else if (tok3->varId() == varId)
{
if (Token::simpleMatch(tok3->next(), ". size ( )"))
break;
else if (Token::Match(tok3->next(), "[ %varid% ]", numId))
stlOutOfBoundsError(tok3, tok3->tokAt(2)->str(), tok3->str());
}
}
break;
}
}
}
}
// Error message for bad iterator usage..
void CheckStl::stlOutOfBoundsError(const Token *tok, const std::string &num, const std::string &var)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "stlOutOfBounds", "When " + num + "==" + var + ".size(), " + var + "[" + num + "] is out of bounds");
}
void CheckStl::erase()
{
for (const Token *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "for ("))
{
for (const Token *tok2 = tok->tokAt(2); tok2 && tok2->str() != ";"; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
if (Token::Match(tok2, "%var% = %var% . begin ( ) ; %var% != %var% . end ( ) ") &&
tok2->str() == tok2->tokAt(8)->str() &&
tok2->tokAt(2)->str() == tok2->tokAt(10)->str())
{
eraseCheckLoop(tok2);
break;
}
}
}
if (Token::Match(tok, "while ( %var% != %var% . end ( )"))
{
eraseCheckLoop(tok->tokAt(2));
}
}
}
void CheckStl::eraseCheckLoop(const Token *it)
{
const Token *tok = it;
// Search for the start of the loop body..
int indentlevel = 1;
while (indentlevel > 0 && 0 != (tok = tok->next()))
{
if (tok->str() == "(")
++indentlevel;
else if (tok->str() == ")")
--indentlevel;
}
if (! Token::simpleMatch(tok, ") {"))
return;
// Parse loop..
// Error if it contains "erase(it)" but neither "break;" nor "it="
indentlevel = 0;
const Token *tok2 = 0;
while (0 != (tok = tok->next()))
{
if (tok->str() == "{")
++indentlevel;
else if (tok->str() == "}")
{
--indentlevel;
if (indentlevel <= 0)
break;
}
else if (Token::Match(tok, "break|return|goto") || Token::simpleMatch(tok, (it->str() + " =").c_str()))
{
tok2 = 0;
break;
}
else if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, ("erase ( " + it->str() + " )").c_str()))
tok2 = tok;
}
// Write error message..
if (tok2)
eraseError(tok2);
}
// Error message for bad iterator usage..
void CheckStl::eraseError(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "erase", "Dangerous usage of erase\nAfter erase has been used the iterator may be invalid so dereferencing it or comparing it with other iterator is invalid.");
}
void CheckStl::pushback()
{
// Pointer can become invalid after push_back or push_front..
for (const Token *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
if (Token::Match(tok, "%var% = & %var% ["))
{
const unsigned int pointerId(tok->varId());
const unsigned int containerId(tok->tokAt(3)->varId());
if (pointerId == 0 || containerId == 0)
continue;
int indent = 0;
bool invalidPointer = false;
for (const Token *tok2 = tok; indent >= 0 && tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
if (tok2->str() == "{" || tok2->str() == "(")
++indent;
else if (tok2->str() == "}" || tok2->str() == ")")
{
if (indent == 0 && Token::simpleMatch(tok2, ") {"))
tok2 = tok2->next();
else
--indent;
}
// push_back on vector..
if (Token::Match(tok2, "%varid% . push_front|push_back", containerId))
invalidPointer = true;
// Using invalid pointer..
if (invalidPointer && tok2->varId() == pointerId)
{
if (tok2->previous()->str() == "*")
invalidPointerError(tok2, tok2->str());
else if (tok2->next()->str() == ".")
invalidPointerError(tok2, tok2->str());
break;
}
}
}
}
// Iterator becomes invalid after push_back or push_front..
for (const Token *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "vector <"))
{
// if iterator declaration inside for() loop
bool iteratorDeclaredInsideLoop = false;
if ((tok->tokAt(-2) && Token::simpleMatch(tok->tokAt(-2), "for (")) ||
(tok->tokAt(-4) && Token::simpleMatch(tok->tokAt(-4), "for ( std ::")))
{
iteratorDeclaredInsideLoop = true;
}
while (tok && tok->str() != ">")
tok = tok->next();
if (!tok)
break;
if (Token::Match(tok, "> :: iterator|const_iterator %var% =|;"))
{
const unsigned int iteratorid(tok->tokAt(3)->varId());
if (iteratorid == 0)
continue;
if (iteratorDeclaredInsideLoop && tok->tokAt(4)->str() == "=")
{
// skip "> :: iterator|const_iterator"
tok = tok->tokAt(3);
}
std::string vectorname;
int indent = 0;
std::string invalidIterator;
for (const Token *tok2 = tok; indent >= 0 && tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
if (tok2->str() == "{" || tok2->str() == "(")
++indent;
else if (tok2->str() == "}" || tok2->str() == ")")
{
if (indent == 0 && Token::simpleMatch(tok2, ") {"))
tok2 = tok2->next();
else
--indent;
}
// Using push_back or push_front inside a loop..
if (Token::Match(tok2, "for ("))
{
tok2 = tok2->tokAt(2);
}
if (Token::Match(tok2, "%varid% = %var% . begin ( ) ; %varid% != %var% . end ( ) ; ++| %varid% ++| ) {", iteratorid))
{
const unsigned int vectorid(tok2->tokAt(2)->varId());
if (vectorid == 0)
continue;
const Token *pushback = 0;
unsigned int indent3 = 0;
for (const Token *tok3 = tok2->tokAt(20); tok3; tok3 = tok3->next())
{
if (tok3->str() == "{")
++indent3;
else if (tok3->str() == "}")
{
if (indent3 <= 1)
break;
--indent3;
}
else if (tok3->str() == "break")
{
pushback = 0;
break;
}
else if (Token::Match(tok3, "%varid% . push_front|push_back|insert (", vectorid))
{
pushback = tok3->tokAt(2);
}
}
if (pushback)
invalidIteratorError(pushback, pushback->str(), tok2->strAt(0));
}
// Assigning iterator..
if (Token::Match(tok2, "%varid% =", iteratorid))
{
if (Token::Match(tok2->tokAt(2), "%var% . begin|end|rbegin|rend ( )"))
vectorname = tok2->strAt(2);
else
vectorname = "";
invalidIterator = "";
}
// push_back on vector..
if (vectorname.size() && Token::Match(tok2, (vectorname + " . push_front|push_back|insert").c_str()))
invalidIterator = tok2->strAt(2);
// Using invalid iterator..
if (!invalidIterator.empty())
{
if (Token::Match(tok2, "++|--|*|+|-|(|,|=|!= %varid%", iteratorid))
invalidIteratorError(tok2, invalidIterator, tok2->strAt(1));
if (Token::Match(tok2, "%varid% ++|--|+|-", iteratorid))
invalidIteratorError(tok2, invalidIterator, tok2->str());
}
}
}
}
}
}
// Error message for bad iterator usage..
void CheckStl::invalidIteratorError(const Token *tok, const std::string &func, const std::string &iterator_name)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "invalidIterator", "After " + func + ", the iterator '" + iterator_name + "' may be invalid");
}
// Error message for bad iterator usage..
void CheckStl::invalidPointerError(const Token *tok, const std::string &pointer_name)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "invalidPointer", "Invalid pointer '" + pointer_name + "' after push_back / push_front");
}
void CheckStl::stlBoundries()
{
// containers (not the vector)..
static const char STL_CONTAINER_LIST[] = "bitset|deque|list|map|multimap|multiset|priority_queue|queue|set|stack|hash_map|hash_multimap|hash_set";
for (const Token *tok = _tokenizer->tokens(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
// Declaring iterator..
const std::string checkStr = (std::string(STL_CONTAINER_LIST) + " <");
if (Token::Match(tok, checkStr.c_str()))
{
const std::string container_name(tok->strAt(0));
while (tok && tok->str() != ">")
tok = tok->next();
if (!tok)
break;
if (Token::Match(tok, "> :: iterator|const_iterator %var% =|;"))
{
const unsigned int iteratorid(tok->tokAt(3)->varId());
if (iteratorid == 0)
continue;
// Using "iterator < ..." is not allowed
unsigned int indentlevel = 0;
for (const Token *tok2 = tok; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
if (tok2->str() == "{")
++indentlevel;
else if (tok2->str() == "}")
{
if (indentlevel == 0)
break;
--indentlevel;
}
else if (Token::Match(tok2, "!!* %varid% <", iteratorid))
{
stlBoundriesError(tok2, container_name);
}
}
}
}
}
}
// Error message for bad boundry usage..
void CheckStl::stlBoundriesError(const Token *tok, const std::string &container_name)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "stlBoundries", container_name + " range check should use != and not < since the order of the pointers isn't guaranteed");
}
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