611 lines
25 KiB
C++
611 lines
25 KiB
C++
/*
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* Cppcheck - A tool for static C/C++ code analysis
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* Copyright (C) 2007-2016 Cppcheck team.
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*
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* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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* (at your option) any later version.
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*
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* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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* GNU General Public License for more details.
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*
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Leaks when using auto variables
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#include "checkleakautovar.h"
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#include "checkmemoryleak.h" // <- CheckMemoryLeak::memoryLeak
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#include "tokenize.h"
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#include "symboldatabase.h"
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#include "astutils.h"
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#include <iostream>
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#include <stack>
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Register this check class (by creating a static instance of it)
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namespace {
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CheckLeakAutoVar instance;
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}
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static const CWE CWE672(672U);
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static const CWE CWE415(415U);
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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void VarInfo::print()
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{
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std::cout << "size=" << alloctype.size() << std::endl;
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std::map<unsigned int, AllocInfo>::const_iterator it;
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for (it = alloctype.begin(); it != alloctype.end(); ++it) {
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std::string strusage;
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std::map<unsigned int, std::string>::const_iterator use = possibleUsage.find(it->first);
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if (use != possibleUsage.end())
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strusage = use->second;
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std::string status;
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switch (it->second.status) {
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case DEALLOC:
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status = "dealloc";
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break;
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case ALLOC:
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status = "alloc";
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break;
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case NOALLOC:
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status = "noalloc";
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break;
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default:
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status = "?";
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break;
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};
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std::cout << "status=" << status << " "
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<< "alloctype='" << it->second.type << "' "
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<< "possibleUsage='" << strusage << "' "
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<< "conditionalAlloc=" << (conditionalAlloc.find(it->first) != conditionalAlloc.end() ? "yes" : "no") << " "
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<< "referenced=" << (referenced.find(it->first) != referenced.end() ? "yes" : "no") << " "
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<< std::endl;
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}
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}
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void VarInfo::possibleUsageAll(const std::string &functionName)
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{
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possibleUsage.clear();
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std::map<unsigned int, AllocInfo>::const_iterator it;
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for (it = alloctype.begin(); it != alloctype.end(); ++it)
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possibleUsage[it->first] = functionName;
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::leakError(const Token *tok, const std::string &varname, int type)
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{
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const CheckMemoryLeak checkmemleak(_tokenizer, _errorLogger, _settings);
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if (_settings->library.isresource(type))
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checkmemleak.resourceLeakError(tok, varname);
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else
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checkmemleak.memleakError(tok, varname);
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::mismatchError(const Token *tok, const std::string &varname)
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{
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const CheckMemoryLeak c(_tokenizer, _errorLogger, _settings);
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std::list<const Token *> callstack(1, tok);
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c.mismatchAllocDealloc(callstack, varname);
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::deallocUseError(const Token *tok, const std::string &varname)
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{
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const CheckMemoryLeak c(_tokenizer, _errorLogger, _settings);
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c.deallocuseError(tok, varname);
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::deallocReturnError(const Token *tok, const std::string &varname)
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{
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reportError(tok, Severity::error, "deallocret", "Returning/dereferencing '" + varname + "' after it is deallocated / released", CWE672, false);
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::configurationInfo(const Token* tok, const std::string &functionName)
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{
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if (_settings->checkLibrary && _settings->isEnabled("information")) {
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reportError(tok,
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Severity::information,
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"checkLibraryUseIgnore",
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"--check-library: Function " + functionName + "() should have <use>/<leak-ignore> configuration");
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}
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::doubleFreeError(const Token *tok, const std::string &varname, int type)
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{
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if (_settings->library.isresource(type))
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reportError(tok, Severity::error, "doubleFree", "Resource handle '" + varname + "' freed twice.", CWE415, false);
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else
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reportError(tok, Severity::error, "doubleFree", "Memory pointed to by '" + varname + "' is freed twice.", CWE415, false);
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::check()
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{
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const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = _tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
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// Local variables that are known to be non-zero.
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const std::set<unsigned int> notzero;
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// Check function scopes
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const std::size_t functions = symbolDatabase->functionScopes.size();
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for (std::size_t i = 0; i < functions; ++i) {
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const Scope * scope = symbolDatabase->functionScopes[i];
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// Empty variable info
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VarInfo varInfo;
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checkScope(scope->classStart, &varInfo, notzero);
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varInfo.conditionalAlloc.clear();
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// Clear reference arguments from varInfo..
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std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo>::iterator it = varInfo.alloctype.begin();
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while (it != varInfo.alloctype.end()) {
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const Variable *var = symbolDatabase->getVariableFromVarId(it->first);
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if (!var ||
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(var->isArgument() && var->isReference()) ||
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(!var->isArgument() && !var->isLocal()))
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varInfo.alloctype.erase(it++);
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else
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++it;
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}
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ret(scope->classEnd, varInfo);
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}
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}
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void CheckLeakAutoVar::checkScope(const Token * const startToken,
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VarInfo *varInfo,
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std::set<unsigned int> notzero)
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{
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std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo> &alloctype = varInfo->alloctype;
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std::map<unsigned int, std::string> &possibleUsage = varInfo->possibleUsage;
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const std::set<unsigned int> conditionalAlloc(varInfo->conditionalAlloc);
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// Parse all tokens
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const Token * const endToken = startToken->link();
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for (const Token *tok = startToken; tok && tok != endToken; tok = tok->next()) {
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if (!tok->scope()->isExecutable()) {
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tok = tok->scope()->classEnd;
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if (!tok) // Ticket #6666 (crash upon invalid code)
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break;
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}
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// Deallocation and then dereferencing pointer..
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if (tok->varId() > 0) {
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const std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo>::const_iterator var = alloctype.find(tok->varId());
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if (var != alloctype.end()) {
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if (var->second.status == VarInfo::DEALLOC && tok->strAt(-1) != "&" && (!Token::Match(tok, "%name% =") || tok->strAt(-1) == "*")) {
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deallocUseError(tok, tok->str());
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} else if (Token::simpleMatch(tok->tokAt(-2), "= &")) {
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varInfo->erase(tok->varId());
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} else if (tok->strAt(-1) == "=") {
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varInfo->erase(tok->varId());
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}
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} else if (Token::Match(tok->previous(), "& %name% = %var% ;")) {
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varInfo->referenced.insert(tok->tokAt(2)->varId());
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}
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}
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if (tok->str() == "(" && tok->previous()->isName()) {
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VarInfo::AllocInfo allocation(0, VarInfo::NOALLOC);
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functionCall(tok->previous(), varInfo, allocation);
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tok = tok->link();
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continue;
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}
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// look for end of statement
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if (!Token::Match(tok, "[;{}]") || Token::Match(tok->next(), "[;{}]"))
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continue;
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tok = tok->next();
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if (!tok || tok == endToken)
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break;
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// parse statement, skip to last member
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const Token *varTok = tok;
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while (Token::Match(varTok, "%name% ::|. %name% !!("))
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varTok = varTok->tokAt(2);
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// assignment..
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if (Token::Match(varTok, "%var% =")) {
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// taking address of another variable..
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if (Token::Match(varTok->next(), "= %var% [+;]")) {
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if (varTok->tokAt(2)->varId() != varTok->varId()) {
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// If variable points at allocated memory => error
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leakIfAllocated(varTok, *varInfo);
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// no multivariable checking currently => bail out for rhs variables
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for (const Token *tok2 = varTok; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next()) {
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if (tok2->str() == ";") {
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break;
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}
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if (tok2->varId()) {
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varInfo->erase(tok2->varId());
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}
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}
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}
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}
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// is variable used in rhs?
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bool used_in_rhs = false;
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for (const Token *tok2 = varTok->tokAt(2); tok2; tok2 = tok2->next()) {
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if (tok2->str() == ";") {
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break;
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}
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if (varTok->varId() == tok2->varId()) {
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used_in_rhs = true;
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break;
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}
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}
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// TODO: Better checking how the pointer is used in rhs?
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if (used_in_rhs)
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continue;
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// Variable has already been allocated => error
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if (conditionalAlloc.find(varTok->varId()) == conditionalAlloc.end())
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leakIfAllocated(varTok, *varInfo);
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varInfo->erase(varTok->varId());
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// not a local variable nor argument?
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const Variable *var = varTok->variable();
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if (var && !var->isArgument() && (!var->isLocal() || var->isStatic()))
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continue;
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// Don't check reference variables
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if (var && var->isReference())
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continue;
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// non-pod variable
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if (_tokenizer->isCPP()) {
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if (!var)
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continue;
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// Possibly automatically deallocated memory
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if (!var->typeStartToken()->isStandardType() && Token::Match(varTok, "%var% = new"))
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continue;
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}
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// allocation?
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if (varTok->next()->astOperand2() && Token::Match(varTok->next()->astOperand2()->previous(), "%type% (")) {
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int i = _settings->library.alloc(varTok->next()->astOperand2()->previous());
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if (i > 0) {
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alloctype[varTok->varId()].type = i;
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alloctype[varTok->varId()].status = VarInfo::ALLOC;
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}
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} else if (_tokenizer->isCPP() && varTok->strAt(2) == "new") {
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alloctype[varTok->varId()].type = -1;
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alloctype[varTok->varId()].status = VarInfo::ALLOC;
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}
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// Assigning non-zero value variable. It might be used to
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// track the execution for a later if condition.
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if (Token::Match(varTok->tokAt(2), "%num% ;") && MathLib::toLongNumber(varTok->strAt(2)) != 0)
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notzero.insert(varTok->varId());
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else if (Token::Match(varTok->tokAt(2), "- %type% ;") && varTok->tokAt(3)->isUpperCaseName())
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notzero.insert(varTok->varId());
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else
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notzero.erase(varTok->varId());
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}
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// if/else
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else if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "if (")) {
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// Parse function calls inside the condition
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for (const Token *innerTok = tok->tokAt(2); innerTok; innerTok = innerTok->next()) {
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if (innerTok->str() == ")")
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break;
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if (innerTok->str() == "(" && innerTok->previous()->isName()) {
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VarInfo::AllocInfo allocation(_settings->library.dealloc(tok), VarInfo::DEALLOC);
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if (allocation.type == 0)
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allocation.status = VarInfo::NOALLOC;
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functionCall(innerTok->previous(), varInfo, allocation);
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innerTok = innerTok->link();
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}
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}
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const Token *tok2 = tok->linkAt(1);
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if (Token::simpleMatch(tok2, ") {")) {
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VarInfo varInfo1(*varInfo); // VarInfo for if code
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VarInfo varInfo2(*varInfo); // VarInfo for else code
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// Recursively scan variable comparisons in condition
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std::stack<const Token *> tokens;
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tokens.push(tok->next()->astOperand2());
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while (!tokens.empty()) {
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const Token *tok3 = tokens.top();
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tokens.pop();
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if (!tok3)
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continue;
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if (tok3->str() == "&&") {
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tokens.push(tok3->astOperand1());
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tokens.push(tok3->astOperand2());
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continue;
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}
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if (tok3->str() == "(" && Token::Match(tok3->astOperand1(), "UNLIKELY|LIKELY")) {
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tokens.push(tok3->astOperand2());
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continue;
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}
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const Token *vartok = nullptr;
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if (astIsVariableComparison(tok3, "!=", "0", &vartok)) {
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varInfo2.erase(vartok->varId());
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if (notzero.find(vartok->varId()) != notzero.end())
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varInfo2.clear();
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} else if (astIsVariableComparison(tok3, "==", "0", &vartok)) {
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varInfo1.erase(vartok->varId());
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} else if (astIsVariableComparison(tok3, "<", "0", &vartok)) {
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varInfo1.erase(vartok->varId());
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} else if (astIsVariableComparison(tok3, ">", "0", &vartok)) {
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varInfo2.erase(vartok->varId());
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} else if (astIsVariableComparison(tok3, "==", "-1", &vartok)) {
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varInfo1.erase(vartok->varId());
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}
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}
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checkScope(tok2->next(), &varInfo1, notzero);
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tok2 = tok2->linkAt(1);
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if (Token::simpleMatch(tok2, "} else {")) {
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checkScope(tok2->tokAt(2), &varInfo2, notzero);
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tok = tok2->linkAt(2)->previous();
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} else {
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tok = tok2->previous();
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}
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VarInfo old;
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old.swap(*varInfo);
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std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo>::const_iterator it;
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for (it = old.alloctype.begin(); it != old.alloctype.end(); ++it) {
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const unsigned int varId = it->first;
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if (old.conditionalAlloc.find(varId) == old.conditionalAlloc.end())
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continue;
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if (varInfo1.alloctype.find(varId) == varInfo1.alloctype.end() ||
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varInfo2.alloctype.find(varId) == varInfo2.alloctype.end()) {
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varInfo1.erase(varId);
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varInfo2.erase(varId);
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}
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}
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// Conditional allocation in varInfo1
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for (it = varInfo1.alloctype.begin(); it != varInfo1.alloctype.end(); ++it) {
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if (varInfo2.alloctype.find(it->first) == varInfo2.alloctype.end() &&
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old.alloctype.find(it->first) == old.alloctype.end()) {
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varInfo->conditionalAlloc.insert(it->first);
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}
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}
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// Conditional allocation in varInfo2
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for (it = varInfo2.alloctype.begin(); it != varInfo2.alloctype.end(); ++it) {
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if (varInfo1.alloctype.find(it->first) == varInfo1.alloctype.end() &&
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old.alloctype.find(it->first) == old.alloctype.end()) {
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varInfo->conditionalAlloc.insert(it->first);
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}
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}
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// Conditional allocation/deallocation
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for (it = varInfo1.alloctype.begin(); it != varInfo1.alloctype.end(); ++it) {
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if (it->second.status == VarInfo::DEALLOC && conditionalAlloc.find(it->first) != conditionalAlloc.end()) {
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varInfo->conditionalAlloc.erase(it->first);
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varInfo2.erase(it->first);
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}
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}
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for (it = varInfo2.alloctype.begin(); it != varInfo2.alloctype.end(); ++it) {
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if (it->second.status == VarInfo::DEALLOC && conditionalAlloc.find(it->first) != conditionalAlloc.end()) {
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varInfo->conditionalAlloc.erase(it->first);
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varInfo1.erase(it->first);
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}
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}
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alloctype.insert(varInfo1.alloctype.begin(), varInfo1.alloctype.end());
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alloctype.insert(varInfo2.alloctype.begin(), varInfo2.alloctype.end());
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possibleUsage.insert(varInfo1.possibleUsage.begin(), varInfo1.possibleUsage.end());
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possibleUsage.insert(varInfo2.possibleUsage.begin(), varInfo2.possibleUsage.end());
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}
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}
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// unknown control.. (TODO: handle loops)
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else if ((Token::Match(tok, "%type% (") && Token::simpleMatch(tok->linkAt(1), ") {")) || Token::simpleMatch(tok, "do {")) {
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varInfo->clear();
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break;
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}
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// return
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else if (tok->str() == "return") {
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ret(tok, *varInfo);
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varInfo->clear();
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}
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// throw
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else if (_tokenizer->isCPP() && tok->str() == "throw") {
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bool tryFound = false;
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const Scope* scope = tok->scope();
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while (scope && scope->isExecutable()) {
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if (scope->type == Scope::eTry)
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tryFound = true;
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scope = scope->nestedIn;
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}
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// If the execution leaves the function then treat it as return
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if (!tryFound)
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ret(tok, *varInfo);
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varInfo->clear();
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}
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// Function call..
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else if (Token::Match(tok, "%type% (")) {
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VarInfo::AllocInfo allocation(_settings->library.dealloc(tok), VarInfo::DEALLOC);
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if (allocation.type == 0)
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allocation.status = VarInfo::NOALLOC;
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functionCall(tok, varInfo, allocation);
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tok = tok->next()->link();
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// Handle scopes that might be noreturn
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if (allocation.status == VarInfo::NOALLOC && Token::simpleMatch(tok, ") ; }")) {
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const std::string &functionName(tok->link()->previous()->str());
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bool unknown = false;
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if (_tokenizer->IsScopeNoReturn(tok->tokAt(2), &unknown)) {
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if (!unknown)
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varInfo->clear();
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else if (_settings->library.leakignore.find(functionName) == _settings->library.leakignore.end() &&
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_settings->library.use.find(functionName) == _settings->library.use.end())
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varInfo->possibleUsageAll(functionName);
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}
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}
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continue;
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}
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// delete
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else if (_tokenizer->isCPP() && tok->str() == "delete") {
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if (tok->strAt(1) == "[")
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tok = tok->tokAt(3);
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else
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tok = tok->next();
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while (Token::Match(tok, "%name% ::|."))
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tok = tok->tokAt(2);
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if (tok->varId() && tok->strAt(1) != "[") {
|
|
VarInfo::AllocInfo allocation(-1, VarInfo::DEALLOC);
|
|
changeAllocStatus(varInfo, allocation, tok, tok);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// goto => weird execution path
|
|
else if (tok->str() == "goto") {
|
|
varInfo->clear();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// continue/break
|
|
else if (Token::Match(tok, "continue|break ;")) {
|
|
varInfo->clear();
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void CheckLeakAutoVar::changeAllocStatus(VarInfo *varInfo, const VarInfo::AllocInfo& allocation, const Token* tok, const Token* arg)
|
|
{
|
|
std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo> &alloctype = varInfo->alloctype;
|
|
std::map<unsigned int, std::string> &possibleUsage = varInfo->possibleUsage;
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo>::iterator var = alloctype.find(arg->varId());
|
|
if (var != alloctype.end()) {
|
|
if (allocation.status == VarInfo::NOALLOC) {
|
|
// possible usage
|
|
possibleUsage[arg->varId()] = tok->str();
|
|
if (var->second.status == VarInfo::DEALLOC && arg->previous()->str() == "&")
|
|
varInfo->erase(arg->varId());
|
|
} else if (var->second.status == VarInfo::DEALLOC) {
|
|
doubleFreeError(tok, arg->str(), allocation.type);
|
|
} else if (var->second.type != allocation.type) {
|
|
// mismatching allocation and deallocation
|
|
mismatchError(tok, arg->str());
|
|
varInfo->erase(arg->varId());
|
|
} else {
|
|
// deallocation
|
|
var->second.status = VarInfo::DEALLOC;
|
|
var->second.type = allocation.type;
|
|
}
|
|
} else if (allocation.status != VarInfo::NOALLOC) {
|
|
alloctype[arg->varId()].status = VarInfo::DEALLOC;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void CheckLeakAutoVar::functionCall(const Token *tok, VarInfo *varInfo, const VarInfo::AllocInfo& allocation)
|
|
{
|
|
// Ignore function call?
|
|
const bool ignore = bool(_settings->library.leakignore.find(tok->str()) != _settings->library.leakignore.end());
|
|
if (ignore)
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
for (const Token *arg = tok->tokAt(2); arg; arg = arg->nextArgument()) {
|
|
if (_tokenizer->isCPP() && arg->str() == "new")
|
|
arg = arg->next();
|
|
|
|
if (Token::Match(arg, "%var% [-,)] !!.") || Token::Match(arg, "& %var%")) {
|
|
|
|
// goto variable
|
|
if (arg->str() == "&")
|
|
arg = arg->next();
|
|
|
|
// Is variable allocated?
|
|
changeAllocStatus(varInfo, allocation, tok, arg);
|
|
} else if (Token::Match(arg, "%name% (")) {
|
|
functionCall(arg, varInfo, allocation);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
void CheckLeakAutoVar::leakIfAllocated(const Token *vartok,
|
|
const VarInfo &varInfo)
|
|
{
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo> &alloctype = varInfo.alloctype;
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, std::string> &possibleUsage = varInfo.possibleUsage;
|
|
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo>::const_iterator var = alloctype.find(vartok->varId());
|
|
if (var != alloctype.end() && var->second.status != VarInfo::DEALLOC) {
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, std::string>::const_iterator use = possibleUsage.find(vartok->varId());
|
|
if (use == possibleUsage.end()) {
|
|
leakError(vartok, vartok->str(), var->second.type);
|
|
} else {
|
|
configurationInfo(vartok, use->second);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void CheckLeakAutoVar::ret(const Token *tok, const VarInfo &varInfo)
|
|
{
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo> &alloctype = varInfo.alloctype;
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, std::string> &possibleUsage = varInfo.possibleUsage;
|
|
|
|
const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = _tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
|
|
for (std::map<unsigned int, VarInfo::AllocInfo>::const_iterator it = alloctype.begin(); it != alloctype.end(); ++it) {
|
|
// don't warn if variable is conditionally allocated
|
|
if (it->second.status != VarInfo::DEALLOC && varInfo.conditionalAlloc.find(it->first) != varInfo.conditionalAlloc.end())
|
|
continue;
|
|
|
|
// don't warn if there is a reference of the variable
|
|
if (varInfo.referenced.find(it->first) != varInfo.referenced.end())
|
|
continue;
|
|
|
|
const unsigned int varid = it->first;
|
|
const Variable *var = symbolDatabase->getVariableFromVarId(varid);
|
|
if (var) {
|
|
bool used = false;
|
|
for (const Token *tok2 = tok; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next()) {
|
|
if (tok2->str() == ";")
|
|
break;
|
|
if (Token::Match(tok2, "return|(|, %varid% [);,]", varid)) {
|
|
used = true;
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
if (Token::Match(tok2, "return|(|, & %varid% . %name% [);,]", varid)) {
|
|
used = true;
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// return deallocated pointer
|
|
if (used && it->second.status == VarInfo::DEALLOC)
|
|
deallocReturnError(tok, var->name());
|
|
|
|
else if (!used && it->second.status != VarInfo::DEALLOC) {
|
|
const std::map<unsigned int, std::string>::const_iterator use = possibleUsage.find(varid);
|
|
if (use == possibleUsage.end()) {
|
|
leakError(tok, var->name(), it->second.type);
|
|
} else {
|
|
configurationInfo(tok, use->second);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|