638 lines
23 KiB
C++
638 lines
23 KiB
C++
/*
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* Cppcheck - A tool for static C/C++ code analysis
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* Copyright (C) 2007-2019 Cppcheck team.
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*
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* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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* (at your option) any later version.
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*
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* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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* GNU General Public License for more details.
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*
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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#include "exprengine.h"
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#include "astutils.h"
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#include "settings.h"
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#include "symboldatabase.h"
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#include "tokenize.h"
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#include <memory>
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#include <iostream>
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std::string ExprEngine::str(int128_t value)
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{
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std::ostringstream ostr;
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#ifdef __GNUC__
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if (value == (int)value) {
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ostr << (int) value;
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return ostr.str();
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}
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if (value < 0) {
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ostr << "-";
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value = -value;
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}
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uint64_t high = value >> 64;
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uint64_t low = value;
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if (high > 0)
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ostr << "h" << std::hex << high << "l";
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ostr << std::hex << low;
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#else
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ostr << value;
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#endif
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return ostr.str();
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr getValueRangeFromValueType(const std::string &name, const ValueType *vt, const cppcheck::Platform &platform);
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namespace {
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class TrackExecution {
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public:
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TrackExecution() : dataIndex(0) {}
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std::map<const Token *, std::vector<std::string>> map;
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int getNewDataIndex() {
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return dataIndex++;
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}
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void newValue(const Token *tok, ExprEngine::ValuePtr value) {
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if (!tok)
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return;
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if (!value)
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map[tok].push_back(tok->expressionString() + "=TODO_NO_VALUE");
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/*
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else if (value->name[0] == '$')
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map[tok].push_back(tok->expressionString() + "=(" + value->name + "," + value->getRange() + ")");
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else
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map[tok].push_back(tok->expressionString() + "=" + value->name);
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*/
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}
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void state(const Token *tok, const std::string &s) {
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map[tok].push_back(s);
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}
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void print() {
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std::set<std::pair<int,int>> locations;
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for (auto it : map) {
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locations.emplace(it.first->linenr(), it.first->column());
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}
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for (const std::pair<int,int> &loc : locations) {
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int lineNumber = loc.first;
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int column = loc.second;
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for (auto &it : map) {
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const Token *tok = it.first;
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if (lineNumber != tok->linenr())
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continue;
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const std::vector<std::string> &dumps = it.second;
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for (const std::string &dump : dumps)
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std::cout << lineNumber << ":" << column << ": " << dump << "\n";
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}
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}
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}
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private:
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int dataIndex;
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};
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class Data {
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public:
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Data(int *symbolValueIndex, const Tokenizer *tokenizer, const Settings *settings, const std::vector<ExprEngine::Callback> &callbacks, TrackExecution *trackExecution)
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: symbolValueIndex(symbolValueIndex)
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, tokenizer(tokenizer)
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, settings(settings)
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, callbacks(callbacks)
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, mTrackExecution(trackExecution)
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, dataIndex(trackExecution->getNewDataIndex()) {}
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typedef std::map<nonneg int, std::shared_ptr<ExprEngine::Value>> Memory;
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Memory memory;
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int * const symbolValueIndex;
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const Tokenizer * const tokenizer;
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const Settings * const settings;
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const std::vector<ExprEngine::Callback> &callbacks;
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Data getData(const Token *cond, bool trueData) {
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Data ret(symbolValueIndex, tokenizer, settings, callbacks, mTrackExecution);
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for (Memory::const_iterator mem = memory.cbegin(); mem != memory.cend(); ++mem) {
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ret.memory[mem->first] = mem->second;
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if (cond->isComparisonOp() && cond->astOperand1()->varId() == mem->first && cond->astOperand2()->isNumber()) {
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const int128_t rhsValue = MathLib::toLongNumber(cond->astOperand2()->str());
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if (auto intRange = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::IntRange>(mem->second)) {
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if (cond->str() == ">") {
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if (trueData && intRange->minValue <= rhsValue) {
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auto val = std::make_shared<ExprEngine::IntRange>(getNewSymbolName(), rhsValue + 1, intRange->maxValue);
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ret.trackAssignment(cond, val);
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ret.memory[mem->first] = val;
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} else if (!trueData && intRange->maxValue > rhsValue) {
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auto val = std::make_shared<ExprEngine::IntRange>(getNewSymbolName(), intRange->minValue, rhsValue);
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ret.trackAssignment(cond, val);
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ret.memory[mem->first] = val;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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return ret;
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}
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std::string getNewSymbolName() {
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return "$" + std::to_string(++(*symbolValueIndex));
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}
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std::shared_ptr<ExprEngine::ArrayValue> getArrayValue(const Token *tok) {
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const Memory::iterator it = memory.find(tok->varId());
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if (it != memory.end())
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return std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::ArrayValue>(it->second);
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return std::shared_ptr<ExprEngine::ArrayValue>();
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}
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr getValue(unsigned int varId, const ValueType *valueType, const Token *tok) {
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const Memory::const_iterator it = memory.find(varId);
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if (it != memory.end())
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return it->second;
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if (!valueType)
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr value = getValueRangeFromValueType(getNewSymbolName(), valueType, *settings);
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if (value) {
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if (tok)
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trackAssignment(tok, value);
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memory[varId] = value;
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}
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return value;
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}
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void trackAssignment(const Token *tok, ExprEngine::ValuePtr value) {
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return mTrackExecution->newValue(tok, value);
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}
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void trackProgramState(const Token *tok) {
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if (memory.empty())
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return;
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const SymbolDatabase * const symbolDatabase = tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
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std::ostringstream s;
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s << "{"; // << dataIndex << ":";
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for (auto mem : memory) {
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr value = mem.second;
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s << " " << symbolDatabase->getVariableFromVarId(mem.first)->name() << "=";
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if (value->name[0] == '$')
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s << "(" << value->name << "," << value->getRange() << ")";
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else
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s << value->name;
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}
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s << "}";
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mTrackExecution->state(tok, s.str());
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}
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private:
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TrackExecution * const mTrackExecution;
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const int dataIndex;
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};
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}
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void ExprEngine::ArrayValue::assign(ExprEngine::ValuePtr index, ExprEngine::ValuePtr value)
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{
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auto i1 = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::IntRange>(index);
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if (i1) {
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if (i1->minValue == i1->maxValue && i1->minValue >= 0 && i1->maxValue < data.size())
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data[i1->minValue] = value;
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}
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}
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr ExprEngine::ArrayValue::read(ExprEngine::ValuePtr index)
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{
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auto i1 = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::IntRange>(index);
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if (i1) {
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if (i1->minValue == i1->maxValue && i1->minValue >= 0 && i1->maxValue < data.size())
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return data[i1->minValue];
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}
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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}
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std::string ExprEngine::BinOpResult::getRange() const
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{
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int128_t minValue, maxValue;
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getRange(&minValue, &maxValue);
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return "[" + str(minValue) + ":" + str(maxValue) + "]";
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}
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void ExprEngine::BinOpResult::getRange(int128_t *minValue, int128_t *maxValue) const
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{
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std::map<ValuePtr, int> valueBit;
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// Assign a bit number for each leaf
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int bit = 0;
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for (ValuePtr v : mLeafs) {
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if (auto intRange = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<IntRange>(v)) {
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if (intRange->minValue == intRange->maxValue) {
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valueBit[v] = 30;
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continue;
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}
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}
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valueBit[v] = bit++;
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}
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if (bit > 24)
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throw std::runtime_error("Internal error: bits");
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for (int test = 0; test < (1 << bit); ++test) {
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int128_t result = evaluate(test, valueBit);
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if (test == 0)
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*minValue = *maxValue = result;
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else if (result < *minValue)
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*minValue = result;
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else if (result > *maxValue)
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*maxValue = result;
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}
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}
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bool ExprEngine::BinOpResult::isIntValueInRange(int value) const
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{
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int128_t minValue, maxValue;
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getRange(&minValue, &maxValue);
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return value >= minValue && value <= maxValue;
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}
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int128_t ExprEngine::BinOpResult::evaluate(int test, const std::map<ExprEngine::ValuePtr, int> &valueBit) const
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{
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const int128_t lhs = evaluateOperand(test, valueBit, op1);
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const int128_t rhs = evaluateOperand(test, valueBit, op2);
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if (binop == "+")
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return lhs + rhs;
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if (binop == "-")
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return lhs - rhs;
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if (binop == "*")
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return lhs * rhs;
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if (binop == "/" && rhs != 0)
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return lhs / rhs;
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if (binop == "%" && rhs != 0)
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return lhs % rhs;
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if (binop == "&")
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return lhs & rhs;
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if (binop == "|")
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return lhs | rhs;
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if (binop == "^")
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return lhs ^ rhs;
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if (binop == "<<")
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return lhs << rhs;
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if (binop == ">>")
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return lhs >> rhs;
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throw std::runtime_error("Internal error: Unhandled operator;" + binop);
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}
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int128_t ExprEngine::BinOpResult::evaluateOperand(int test, const std::map<ExprEngine::ValuePtr, int> &valueBit, ExprEngine::ValuePtr value) const
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{
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auto binOpResult = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::BinOpResult>(value);
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if (binOpResult)
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return binOpResult->evaluate(test, valueBit);
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auto it = valueBit.find(value);
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if (it == valueBit.end())
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throw std::runtime_error("Internal error: valueBit not set properly");
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bool valueType = test & (1 << it->second);
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if (auto intRange = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<IntRange>(value))
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return valueType ? intRange->minValue : intRange->maxValue;
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throw std::runtime_error("Internal error: Unhandled value:" + std::to_string((int)value->type()));
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}
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// Todo: This is taken from ValueFlow and modified.. we should reuse it
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr getValueRangeFromValueType(const std::string &name, const ValueType *vt, const cppcheck::Platform &platform)
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{
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if (!vt || !vt->isIntegral() || vt->pointer)
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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int bits;
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switch (vt->type) {
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case ValueType::Type::BOOL:
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bits = 1;
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break;
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case ValueType::Type::CHAR:
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bits = platform.char_bit;
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break;
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case ValueType::Type::SHORT:
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bits = platform.short_bit;
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break;
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case ValueType::Type::INT:
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bits = platform.int_bit;
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break;
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case ValueType::Type::LONG:
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bits = platform.long_bit;
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break;
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case ValueType::Type::LONGLONG:
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bits = platform.long_long_bit;
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break;
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default:
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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};
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if (bits == 1) {
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return std::make_shared<ExprEngine::IntRange>(name, 0, 1);
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} else {
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if (vt->sign == ValueType::Sign::UNSIGNED) {
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return std::make_shared<ExprEngine::IntRange>(name, 0, ((int128_t)1 << bits) - 1);
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} else {
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return std::make_shared<ExprEngine::IntRange>(name, -((int128_t)1 << (bits - 1)), ((int128_t)1 << (bits - 1)) - 1);
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}
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}
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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}
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static void call(const std::vector<ExprEngine::Callback> &callbacks, const Token *tok, ExprEngine::ValuePtr value)
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{
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if (value) {
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for (ExprEngine::Callback f : callbacks) {
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f(tok, *value);
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}
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}
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeExpression(const Token *tok, Data &data);
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeReturn(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr retval = executeExpression(tok->astOperand1(), data);
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call(data.callbacks, tok, retval);
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return retval;
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeAssign(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr rhsValue = executeExpression(tok->astOperand2(), data);
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call(data.callbacks, tok, rhsValue);
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const Token *lhsToken = tok->astOperand1();
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data.trackAssignment(lhsToken, rhsValue);
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if (lhsToken->varId() > 0) {
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data.memory[lhsToken->varId()] = rhsValue;
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} else if (lhsToken->str() == "[") {
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auto arrayValue = data.getArrayValue(lhsToken->astOperand1());
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if (arrayValue) {
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auto indexValue = executeExpression(lhsToken->astOperand2(), data);
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arrayValue->assign(indexValue, rhsValue);
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}
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} else if (lhsToken->isUnaryOp("*")) {
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auto pval = executeExpression(lhsToken->astOperand1(), data);
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if (pval && pval->type() == ExprEngine::ValueType::AddressOfValue) {
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auto val = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::AddressOfValue>(pval);
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if (val)
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data.memory[val->varId] = rhsValue;
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}
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}
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return rhsValue;
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeFunctionCall(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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for (const Token *argtok : getArguments(tok))
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(void)executeExpression(argtok, data);
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auto val = getValueRangeFromValueType(data.getNewSymbolName(), tok->valueType(), *data.settings);
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call(data.callbacks, tok, val);
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return val;
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeArrayIndex(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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auto arrayValue = data.getArrayValue(tok->astOperand1());
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if (arrayValue) {
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auto indexValue = executeExpression(tok->astOperand2(), data);
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auto value = arrayValue->read(indexValue);
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call(data.callbacks, tok, value);
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return value;
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}
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeDot(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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if (!tok->astOperand1() || !tok->astOperand1()->varId())
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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std::shared_ptr<ExprEngine::StructValue> structValue = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::StructValue>(data.getValue(tok->astOperand1()->varId(), nullptr, nullptr));
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if (!structValue)
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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return structValue->getValueOfMember(tok->astOperand2()->str());
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeBinaryOp(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr v1 = executeExpression(tok->astOperand1(), data);
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr v2 = executeExpression(tok->astOperand2(), data);
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if (v1 && v2) {
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auto result = std::make_shared<ExprEngine::BinOpResult>(tok->str(), v1, v2);
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call(data.callbacks, tok, result);
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return result;
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}
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeAddressOf(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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auto addr = std::make_shared<ExprEngine::AddressOfValue>(data.getNewSymbolName(), tok->astOperand1()->varId());
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call(data.callbacks, tok, addr);
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return addr;
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeDeref(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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ExprEngine::ValuePtr pval = executeExpression(tok->astOperand1(), data);
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if (pval) {
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auto addressOf = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::AddressOfValue>(pval);
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if (addressOf) {
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auto val = data.getValue(addressOf->varId, tok->valueType(), tok);
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call(data.callbacks, tok, val);
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return val;
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}
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auto pointer = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<ExprEngine::PointerValue>(pval);
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if (pointer) {
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auto val = pointer->data;
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call(data.callbacks, tok, val);
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return val;
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}
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}
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return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeVariable(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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auto val = data.getValue(tok->varId(), tok->valueType(), tok);
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call(data.callbacks, tok, val);
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return val;
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeNumber(const Token *tok)
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{
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int128_t value = MathLib::toLongNumber(tok->str());
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return std::make_shared<ExprEngine::IntRange>(tok->str(), value, value);
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}
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static ExprEngine::ValuePtr executeExpression(const Token *tok, Data &data)
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{
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if (tok->str() == "return")
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return executeReturn(tok, data);
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if (tok->str() == "=")
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return executeAssign(tok, data);
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if (tok->astOperand1() && tok->astOperand2() && tok->str() == "[")
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return executeArrayIndex(tok, data);
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if (tok->str() == "(" && tok->astOperand2())
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return executeFunctionCall(tok, data);
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if (tok->str() == ".")
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return executeDot(tok, data);
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if (tok->astOperand1() && tok->astOperand2())
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return executeBinaryOp(tok, data);
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if (tok->isUnaryOp("&") && Token::Match(tok->astOperand1(), "%var%"))
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return executeAddressOf(tok, data);
|
|
|
|
if (tok->isUnaryOp("*"))
|
|
return executeDeref(tok, data);
|
|
|
|
if (tok->varId())
|
|
return executeVariable(tok, data);
|
|
|
|
if (tok->isNumber())
|
|
return executeNumber(tok);
|
|
|
|
return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static void execute(const Token *start, const Token *end, Data &data)
|
|
{
|
|
for (const Token *tok = start; tok != end; tok = tok->next()) {
|
|
if (tok->str() == ";")
|
|
data.trackProgramState(tok);
|
|
if (tok->variable() && tok->variable()->nameToken() == tok) {
|
|
if (tok->variable()->isArray() && tok->variable()->dimensions().size() == 1 && tok->variable()->dimensions()[0].known) {
|
|
data.memory[tok->varId()] = std::make_shared<ExprEngine::ArrayValue>(data.getNewSymbolName(), tok->variable()->dimension(0));
|
|
}
|
|
if (Token::Match(tok, "%name% ["))
|
|
tok = tok->linkAt(1);
|
|
}
|
|
if (!tok->astParent() && (tok->astOperand1() || tok->astOperand2()))
|
|
executeExpression(tok, data);
|
|
|
|
if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "if (")) {
|
|
const Token *cond = tok->next()->astOperand2();
|
|
/*const ExprEngine::ValuePtr condValue =*/ executeExpression(cond,data);
|
|
Data trueData = data.getData(cond, true);
|
|
Data falseData = data.getData(cond, false);
|
|
const Token *thenStart = tok->linkAt(1)->next();
|
|
const Token *thenEnd = thenStart->link();
|
|
execute(thenStart->next(), end, trueData);
|
|
if (Token::simpleMatch(thenEnd, "} else {")) {
|
|
const Token *elseStart = thenEnd->tokAt(2);
|
|
execute(elseStart->next(), end, falseData);
|
|
} else {
|
|
execute(thenEnd->next(), end, falseData);
|
|
}
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "} else {"))
|
|
tok = tok->linkAt(2);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void ExprEngine::executeAllFunctions(const Tokenizer *tokenizer, const Settings *settings, const std::vector<ExprEngine::Callback> &callbacks)
|
|
{
|
|
const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
|
|
for (const Scope *functionScope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {
|
|
executeFunction(functionScope, tokenizer, settings, callbacks);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static ExprEngine::ValuePtr createVariableValue(const Variable &var, Data &data);
|
|
|
|
static ExprEngine::ValuePtr createStructVal(const Scope *structScope, Data &data)
|
|
{
|
|
std::shared_ptr<ExprEngine::StructValue> structValue = std::make_shared<ExprEngine::StructValue>(data.getNewSymbolName());
|
|
for (const Variable &member : structScope->varlist) {
|
|
ExprEngine::ValuePtr memberValue = createVariableValue(member, data);
|
|
if (memberValue)
|
|
structValue->member[member.name()] = memberValue;
|
|
}
|
|
return structValue;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static ExprEngine::ValuePtr createVariableValue(const Variable &var, Data &data)
|
|
{
|
|
if (!var.nameToken() || !var.valueType())
|
|
return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
|
|
if (var.valueType()->pointer > 0)
|
|
return std::make_shared<ExprEngine::PointerValue>(data.getNewSymbolName(), std::make_shared<ExprEngine::UninitValue>());
|
|
if (var.valueType()->isIntegral())
|
|
return getValueRangeFromValueType(data.getNewSymbolName(), var.valueType(), *data.settings);
|
|
if (var.valueType()->type == ValueType::Type::RECORD)
|
|
return createStructVal(var.valueType()->typeScope, data);
|
|
return ExprEngine::ValuePtr();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void ExprEngine::executeFunction(const Scope *functionScope, const Tokenizer *tokenizer, const Settings *settings, const std::vector<ExprEngine::Callback> &callbacks)
|
|
{
|
|
if (!functionScope->bodyStart)
|
|
return;
|
|
const Function *function = functionScope->function;
|
|
if (!function)
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
int symbolValueIndex = 0;
|
|
TrackExecution trackExecution;
|
|
Data data(&symbolValueIndex, tokenizer, settings, callbacks, &trackExecution);
|
|
|
|
for (const Variable &arg : function->argumentList) {
|
|
ValuePtr val = createVariableValue(arg, data);
|
|
if (val) {
|
|
data.trackAssignment(arg.nameToken(), val);
|
|
data.memory[arg.declarationId()] = val;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
execute(functionScope->bodyStart, functionScope->bodyEnd, data);
|
|
|
|
if (settings->verification) {
|
|
// TODO generate better output!!
|
|
trackExecution.print();
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void ExprEngine::runChecks(ErrorLogger *errorLogger, const Tokenizer *tokenizer, const Settings *settings)
|
|
{
|
|
std::function<void(const Token *, const ExprEngine::Value &)> divByZero = [&](const Token *tok, const ExprEngine::Value &value) {
|
|
if (!Token::simpleMatch(tok->astParent(), "/"))
|
|
return;
|
|
if (tok->astParent()->astOperand2() == tok && value.isIntValueInRange(0)) {
|
|
std::list<const Token*> callstack{tok->astParent()};
|
|
ErrorLogger::ErrorMessage errmsg(callstack, &tokenizer->list, Severity::SeverityType::error, "verificationDivByZero", "Division by zero", false);
|
|
errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg);
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
std::function<void(const Token *, const ExprEngine::Value &)> integerOverflow = [&](const Token *tok, const ExprEngine::Value &value) {
|
|
// Integer overflow..
|
|
if (value.type() != ExprEngine::ValueType::BinOpResult)
|
|
return;
|
|
if (!tok->valueType() || tok->valueType()->pointer != 0 || tok->valueType()->type != ::ValueType::Type::INT)
|
|
return;
|
|
const ExprEngine::BinOpResult &b = static_cast<const ExprEngine::BinOpResult &>(value);
|
|
int128_t minValue, maxValue;
|
|
b.getRange(&minValue, &maxValue);
|
|
if (tok->valueType()->sign == ::ValueType::Sign::UNSIGNED && (minValue < 0 || maxValue >= (1LL << 32))) {
|
|
std::list<const Token*> callstack{tok};
|
|
ErrorLogger::ErrorMessage errmsg(callstack, &tokenizer->list, Severity::SeverityType::warning, "verificationIntegerOverflow", "Unsigned integer overflow", false);
|
|
errorLogger->reportErr(errmsg);
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
std::vector<ExprEngine::Callback> callbacks;
|
|
callbacks.push_back(divByZero);
|
|
callbacks.push_back(integerOverflow);
|
|
ExprEngine::executeAllFunctions(tokenizer, settings, callbacks);
|
|
}
|