diff --git a/lib/includes/nghttp2/nghttp2.h b/lib/includes/nghttp2/nghttp2.h
index ff6ed7ae..f801b7a6 100644
--- a/lib/includes/nghttp2/nghttp2.h
+++ b/lib/includes/nghttp2/nghttp2.h
@@ -816,8 +816,13 @@ typedef int (*nghttp2_on_invalid_frame_recv_callback)
  * necessarily mean this chunk of data is the last one in the
  * stream. You should use :type:`nghttp2_on_data_recv_callback` to
  * know all data frames are received.
+ *
+ * The implementation of this function must return 0 if it
+ * succeeds. If nonzero is returned, it is treated as fatal error and
+ * `nghttp2_session_recv()` and `nghttp2_session_send()` functions
+ * immediately return :enum:`NGHTTP2_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE`.
  */
-typedef void (*nghttp2_on_data_chunk_recv_callback)
+typedef int (*nghttp2_on_data_chunk_recv_callback)
 (nghttp2_session *session, uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
  const uint8_t *data, size_t len, void *user_data);
 
diff --git a/lib/nghttp2_session.c b/lib/nghttp2_session.c
index e2345d95..b6572bf0 100644
--- a/lib/nghttp2_session.c
+++ b/lib/nghttp2_session.c
@@ -2908,12 +2908,15 @@ ssize_t nghttp2_session_mem_recv(nghttp2_session *session,
         data_flags = session->iframe.headbuf[3];
         if(session->iframe.state != NGHTTP2_RECV_PAYLOAD_IGN) {
           if(session->callbacks.on_data_chunk_recv_callback) {
-            session->callbacks.on_data_chunk_recv_callback(session,
-                                                           data_flags,
-                                                           data_stream_id,
-                                                           inmark,
-                                                           readlen,
-                                                           session->user_data);
+            if(session->callbacks.on_data_chunk_recv_callback
+               (session,
+                data_flags,
+                data_stream_id,
+                inmark,
+                readlen,
+                session->user_data) != 0) {
+              return NGHTTP2_ERR_CALLBACK_FAILURE;
+            }
           }
         }
         /* TODO We need on_ignored_data_chunk_recv_callback, for
diff --git a/src/HttpServer.cc b/src/HttpServer.cc
index fa912b17..a63ca1a3 100644
--- a/src/HttpServer.cc
+++ b/src/HttpServer.cc
@@ -752,11 +752,12 @@ void hd_on_frame_send_callback
 } // namespace
 
 namespace {
-void on_data_chunk_recv_callback
+int on_data_chunk_recv_callback
 (nghttp2_session *session, uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
  const uint8_t *data, size_t len, void *user_data)
 {
   // TODO Handle POST
+  return 0;
 }
 } // namespace
 
diff --git a/src/nghttp.cc b/src/nghttp.cc
index bfb3f9cd..4babde42 100644
--- a/src/nghttp.cc
+++ b/src/nghttp.cc
@@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ HttpClient* get_session(void *user_data)
   return reinterpret_cast<HttpClient*>(user_data);
 }
 
-void on_data_chunk_recv_callback
+int on_data_chunk_recv_callback
 (nghttp2_session *session, uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
  const uint8_t *data, size_t len, void *user_data)
 {
@@ -963,6 +963,7 @@ void on_data_chunk_recv_callback
       update_html_parser(client, req, data, len, 0);
     }
   }
+  return 0;
 }
 
 namespace {
diff --git a/src/shrpx_http2_upstream.cc b/src/shrpx_http2_upstream.cc
index 42650dbf..4269416d 100644
--- a/src/shrpx_http2_upstream.cc
+++ b/src/shrpx_http2_upstream.cc
@@ -291,17 +291,17 @@ int on_frame_recv_callback
 } // namespace
 
 namespace {
-void on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
-                                 uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
-                                 const uint8_t *data, size_t len,
-                                 void *user_data)
+int on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
+                                uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
+                                const uint8_t *data, size_t len,
+                                void *user_data)
 {
   Http2Upstream *upstream = reinterpret_cast<Http2Upstream*>(user_data);
   Downstream *downstream = upstream->find_downstream(stream_id);
   if(downstream) {
     if(downstream->push_upload_data_chunk(data, len) != 0) {
       upstream->rst_stream(downstream, NGHTTP2_INTERNAL_ERROR);
-      return;
+      return 0;
     }
     if(upstream->get_flow_control()) {
       downstream->inc_recv_window_size(len);
@@ -319,13 +319,14 @@ void on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
                                << upstream->get_initial_window_size();
         }
         upstream->rst_stream(downstream, NGHTTP2_FLOW_CONTROL_ERROR);
-        return;
+        return 0;
       }
     }
     if(flags & NGHTTP2_FLAG_END_STREAM) {
       downstream->set_request_state(Downstream::MSG_COMPLETE);
     }
   }
+  return 0;
 }
 } // namespace
 
diff --git a/src/shrpx_spdy_session.cc b/src/shrpx_spdy_session.cc
index 7e76ed5d..5221aef3 100644
--- a/src/shrpx_spdy_session.cc
+++ b/src/shrpx_spdy_session.cc
@@ -895,10 +895,10 @@ int on_frame_recv_callback
 } // namespace
 
 namespace {
-void on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
-                                 uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
-                                 const uint8_t *data, size_t len,
-                                 void *user_data)
+int on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
+                                uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
+                                const uint8_t *data, size_t len,
+                                void *user_data)
 {
   int rv;
   auto spdy = reinterpret_cast<SpdySession*>(user_data);
@@ -906,12 +906,12 @@ void on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
     (nghttp2_session_get_stream_user_data(session, stream_id));
   if(!sd || !sd->dconn) {
     nghttp2_submit_rst_stream(session, stream_id, NGHTTP2_INTERNAL_ERROR);
-    return;
+    return 0;
   }
   auto downstream = sd->dconn->get_downstream();
   if(!downstream || downstream->get_downstream_stream_id() != stream_id) {
     nghttp2_submit_rst_stream(session, stream_id, NGHTTP2_INTERNAL_ERROR);
-    return;
+    return 0;
   }
 
   if(spdy->get_flow_control()) {
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ void on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
                                 NGHTTP2_FLOW_CONTROL_ERROR);
       downstream->set_response_state(Downstream::MSG_RESET);
       call_downstream_readcb(spdy, downstream);
-      return;
+      return 0;
     }
   }
 
@@ -940,6 +940,7 @@ void on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
     downstream->set_response_state(Downstream::MSG_RESET);
   }
   call_downstream_readcb(spdy, downstream);
+  return 0;
 }
 } // namespace
 
diff --git a/tests/nghttp2_session_test.c b/tests/nghttp2_session_test.c
index 3d3537f0..25d16058 100644
--- a/tests/nghttp2_session_test.c
+++ b/tests/nghttp2_session_test.c
@@ -165,13 +165,14 @@ static void on_frame_not_send_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
   ud->not_sent_error = lib_error;
 }
 
-static void on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
-                                        uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
-                                        const uint8_t *data, size_t len,
-                                        void *user_data)
+static int on_data_chunk_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,
+                                       uint8_t flags, int32_t stream_id,
+                                       const uint8_t *data, size_t len,
+                                       void *user_data)
 {
   my_user_data *ud = (my_user_data*)user_data;
   ++ud->data_chunk_recv_cb_called;
+  return 0;
 }
 
 static void on_data_recv_callback(nghttp2_session *session,