From 357263408623a461c620ed6582525f5009b8d83b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Philip.Hazel"
@@ -2114,7 +2114,7 @@ options returned for PCRE2_INFO_ALLOPTIONS.
PCRE2_INFO_BACKREFMAX
Return the number of the highest backreference in the pattern. The third
-argument should point to an uint32_t variable. Named capture groups
+argument should point to a uint32_t variable. Named capture groups
acquire numbers as well as names, and these count towards the highest
backreference. Backreferences such as \4 or \g{12} match the captured
characters of the given group, but in addition, the check that a capture
@@ -2132,7 +2132,7 @@ that \R matches only CR, LF, or CRLF.
Return the highest capture group number in the pattern. In patterns where (?|
is not used, this is also the total number of capture groups. The third
-argument should point to an uint32_t variable.
+argument should point to a uint32_t variable.
PCRE2_INFO_DEPTHLIMIT
@@ -2157,7 +2157,7 @@ returned. Otherwise NULL is returned. The third argument should point to a
PCRE2_INFO_FIRSTCODETYPE
Return information about the first code unit of any matched string, for a
-non-anchored pattern. The third argument should point to an uint32_t
+non-anchored pattern. The third argument should point to a uint32_t
variable. If there is a fixed first value, for example, the letter "c" from a
pattern such as (cat|cow|coyote), 1 is returned, and the value can be retrieved
using PCRE2_INFO_FIRSTCODEUNIT. If there is no fixed first value, but it is
@@ -2169,7 +2169,7 @@ is returned.
Return the value of the first code unit of any matched string for a pattern
where PCRE2_INFO_FIRSTCODETYPE returns 1; otherwise return 0. The third
-argument should point to an uint32_t variable. In the 8-bit library, the
+argument should point to a uint32_t variable. In the 8-bit library, the
value is always less than 256. In the 16-bit library the value can be up to
0xffff. In the 32-bit library in UTF-32 mode the value can be up to 0x10ffff,
and up to 0xffffffff when not using UTF-32 mode.
@@ -2185,12 +2185,12 @@ pattern. Each additional capture group adds two PCRE2_SIZE variables.
PCRE2_INFO_HASBACKSLASHC
Return 1 if the pattern contains any instances of \C, otherwise 0. The third
-argument should point to an uint32_t variable.
+argument should point to a uint32_t variable.
PCRE2_INFO_HASCRORLF
Return 1 if the pattern contains any explicit matches for CR or LF characters,
-otherwise 0. The third argument should point to an uint32_t variable. An
+otherwise 0. The third argument should point to a uint32_t variable. An
explicit match is either a literal CR or LF character, or \r or \n or one of
the equivalent hexadecimal or octal escape sequences.
@@ -2206,7 +2206,7 @@ defaulted by the caller of the match function.
PCRE2_INFO_JCHANGED
Return 1 if the (?J) or (?-J) option setting is used in the pattern, otherwise
-0. The third argument should point to an uint32_t variable. (?J) and
+0. The third argument should point to a uint32_t variable. (?J) and
(?-J) set and unset the local PCRE2_DUPNAMES option, respectively.
PCRE2_INFO_JITSIZE
@@ -2218,7 +2218,7 @@ return zero. The third argument should point to a size_t variable.
PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODETYPE
Returns 1 if there is a rightmost literal code unit that must exist in any
-matched string, other than at its start. The third argument should point to an
+matched string, other than at its start. The third argument should point to a
uint32_t variable. If there is no such value, 0 is returned. When 1 is
returned, the code unit value itself can be retrieved using
PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODEUNIT. For anchored patterns, a last literal value is
@@ -2231,12 +2231,12 @@ PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODEUNIT), but for /^a\dz\d/ the returned value is 0.
Return the value of the rightmost literal code unit that must exist in any
matched string, other than at its start, for a pattern where
PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODETYPE returns 1. Otherwise, return 0. The third argument
-should point to an uint32_t variable.
+should point to a uint32_t variable.
PCRE2_INFO_MATCHEMPTY
Return 1 if the pattern might match an empty string, otherwise 0. The third
-argument should point to an uint32_t variable. When a pattern contains
+argument should point to a uint32_t variable. When a pattern contains
recursive subroutine calls it is not always possible to determine whether or
not it can match an empty string. PCRE2 takes a cautious approach and returns 1
in such cases.
@@ -2279,7 +2279,7 @@ If a minimum length for matching subject strings was computed, its value is
returned. Otherwise the returned value is 0. This value is not computed when
PCRE2_NO_START_OPTIMIZE is set. The value is a number of characters, which in
UTF mode may be different from the number of code units. The third argument
-should point to an uint32_t variable. The value is a lower bound to the
+should point to a uint32_t variable. The value is a lower bound to the
length of any matching string. There may not be any strings of that length that
do actually match, but every string that does match is at least that long.
@@ -2726,7 +2726,8 @@ Your program may crash or loop indefinitely or give wrong results.
These options turn on the partial matching feature. A partial match occurs if
the end of the subject string is reached successfully, but there are not enough
subject characters to complete the match. In addition, either at least one
-character must have been inspected or the pattern must contain a lookbehind.
+character must have been inspected or the pattern must contain a lookbehind, or
+the pattern must be one that could match an empty string.
If this situation arises when PCRE2_PARTIAL_SOFT (but not PCRE2_PARTIAL_HARD) @@ -3850,7 +3851,7 @@ Cambridge, England.
-Last updated: 20 July 2019
+Last updated: 22 July 2019
Copyright © 1997-2019 University of Cambridge.
diff --git a/doc/html/pcre2partial.html b/doc/html/pcre2partial.html
index 900719a..a2faa76 100644
--- a/doc/html/pcre2partial.html
+++ b/doc/html/pcre2partial.html
@@ -80,16 +80,18 @@ is also disabled for partial matching.
A partial match occurs during a call to pcre2_match() when the end of the
subject string is reached successfully, but matching cannot continue because
more characters are needed, and in addition, either at least one character in
-the subject has been inspected or the pattern contains a lookbehind. An
+the subject has been inspected or the pattern contains a lookbehind, or (when
+PCRE2_PARTIAL_HARD is set) the pattern could match an empty string. An
inspected character need not form part of the final matched string; lookbehind
assertions and the \K escape sequence provide ways of inspecting characters
before the start of a matched string.
-The two additional requirements define the cases where adding more characters -to the existing subject may complete the match. Without these conditions there -would be a partial match of an empty string at the end of the subject for all -unanchored patterns (and also for anchored patterns if the subject itself is +The three additional requirements define the cases where adding more characters +to the existing subject may complete the same match that would occur if they +had all been present in the first place. Without these conditions there would +be a partial match of an empty string at the end of the subject for all +unanchored patterns (and also for anchored patterns if the subject itself is empty).
@@ -449,7 +451,7 @@ Cambridge, England.
-Last updated: 21 July 2019
+Last updated: 22 July 2019
Copyright © 1997-2019 University of Cambridge.
diff --git a/doc/pcre2.txt b/doc/pcre2.txt
index 8852ce3..5722184 100644
--- a/doc/pcre2.txt
+++ b/doc/pcre2.txt
@@ -2013,8 +2013,8 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
PCRE2_ERROR_BADOPTION the value of what was invalid
PCRE2_ERROR_UNSET the requested field is not set
- The "magic number" is placed at the start of each compiled pattern as
- an simple check against passing an arbitrary memory pointer. Here is a
+ The "magic number" is placed at the start of each compiled pattern as a
+ simple check against passing an arbitrary memory pointer. Here is a
typical call of pcre2_pattern_info(), to obtain the length of the com-
piled pattern:
@@ -2073,7 +2073,7 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
PCRE2_INFO_BACKREFMAX
Return the number of the highest backreference in the pattern. The
- third argument should point to an uint32_t variable. Named capture
+ third argument should point to a uint32_t variable. Named capture
groups acquire numbers as well as names, and these count towards the
highest backreference. Backreferences such as \4 or \g{12} match the
captured characters of the given group, but in addition, the check that
@@ -2091,7 +2091,7 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
Return the highest capture group number in the pattern. In patterns
where (?| is not used, this is also the total number of capture groups.
- The third argument should point to an uint32_t variable.
+ The third argument should point to a uint32_t variable.
PCRE2_INFO_DEPTHLIMIT
@@ -2117,7 +2117,7 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
PCRE2_INFO_FIRSTCODETYPE
Return information about the first code unit of any matched string, for
- a non-anchored pattern. The third argument should point to an uint32_t
+ a non-anchored pattern. The third argument should point to a uint32_t
variable. If there is a fixed first value, for example, the letter "c"
from a pattern such as (cat|cow|coyote), 1 is returned, and the value
can be retrieved using PCRE2_INFO_FIRSTCODEUNIT. If there is no fixed
@@ -2129,7 +2129,7 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
Return the value of the first code unit of any matched string for a
pattern where PCRE2_INFO_FIRSTCODETYPE returns 1; otherwise return 0.
- The third argument should point to an uint32_t variable. In the 8-bit
+ The third argument should point to a uint32_t variable. In the 8-bit
library, the value is always less than 256. In the 16-bit library the
value can be up to 0xffff. In the 32-bit library in UTF-32 mode the
value can be up to 0x10ffff, and up to 0xffffffff when not using UTF-32
@@ -2147,12 +2147,12 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
PCRE2_INFO_HASBACKSLASHC
Return 1 if the pattern contains any instances of \C, otherwise 0. The
- third argument should point to an uint32_t variable.
+ third argument should point to a uint32_t variable.
PCRE2_INFO_HASCRORLF
Return 1 if the pattern contains any explicit matches for CR or LF
- characters, otherwise 0. The third argument should point to an uint32_t
+ characters, otherwise 0. The third argument should point to a uint32_t
variable. An explicit match is either a literal CR or LF character, or
\r or \n or one of the equivalent hexadecimal or octal escape se-
quences.
@@ -2169,7 +2169,7 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
PCRE2_INFO_JCHANGED
Return 1 if the (?J) or (?-J) option setting is used in the pattern,
- otherwise 0. The third argument should point to an uint32_t variable.
+ otherwise 0. The third argument should point to a uint32_t variable.
(?J) and (?-J) set and unset the local PCRE2_DUPNAMES option, respec-
tively.
@@ -2183,28 +2183,28 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
Returns 1 if there is a rightmost literal code unit that must exist in
any matched string, other than at its start. The third argument should
- point to an uint32_t variable. If there is no such value, 0 is re-
- turned. When 1 is returned, the code unit value itself can be retrieved
- using PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODEUNIT. For anchored patterns, a last literal
- value is recorded only if it follows something of variable length. For
- example, for the pattern /^a\d+z\d+/ the returned value is 1 (with "z"
- returned from PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODEUNIT), but for /^a\dz\d/ the returned
- value is 0.
+ point to a uint32_t variable. If there is no such value, 0 is returned.
+ When 1 is returned, the code unit value itself can be retrieved using
+ PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODEUNIT. For anchored patterns, a last literal value is
+ recorded only if it follows something of variable length. For example,
+ for the pattern /^a\d+z\d+/ the returned value is 1 (with "z" returned
+ from PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODEUNIT), but for /^a\dz\d/ the returned value is
+ 0.
PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODEUNIT
Return the value of the rightmost literal code unit that must exist in
any matched string, other than at its start, for a pattern where
PCRE2_INFO_LASTCODETYPE returns 1. Otherwise, return 0. The third argu-
- ment should point to an uint32_t variable.
+ ment should point to a uint32_t variable.
PCRE2_INFO_MATCHEMPTY
Return 1 if the pattern might match an empty string, otherwise 0. The
- third argument should point to an uint32_t variable. When a pattern
- contains recursive subroutine calls it is not always possible to deter-
- mine whether or not it can match an empty string. PCRE2 takes a cau-
- tious approach and returns 1 in such cases.
+ third argument should point to a uint32_t variable. When a pattern con-
+ tains recursive subroutine calls it is not always possible to determine
+ whether or not it can match an empty string. PCRE2 takes a cautious ap-
+ proach and returns 1 in such cases.
PCRE2_INFO_MATCHLIMIT
@@ -2244,7 +2244,7 @@ INFORMATION ABOUT A COMPILED PATTERN
value is returned. Otherwise the returned value is 0. This value is not
computed when PCRE2_NO_START_OPTIMIZE is set. The value is a number of
characters, which in UTF mode may be different from the number of code
- units. The third argument should point to an uint32_t variable. The
+ units. The third argument should point to a uint32_t variable. The
value is a lower bound to the length of any matching string. There may
not be any strings of that length that do actually match, but every
string that does match is at least that long.
@@ -2663,18 +2663,19 @@ MATCHING A PATTERN: THE TRADITIONAL FUNCTION
curs if the end of the subject string is reached successfully, but
there are not enough subject characters to complete the match. In addi-
tion, either at least one character must have been inspected or the
- pattern must contain a lookbehind.
+ pattern must contain a lookbehind, or the pattern must be one that
+ could match an empty string.
- If this situation arises when PCRE2_PARTIAL_SOFT (but not PCRE2_PAR-
+ If this situation arises when PCRE2_PARTIAL_SOFT (but not PCRE2_PAR-
TIAL_HARD) is set, matching continues by testing any remaining alterna-
- tives. Only if no complete match can be found is PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL
- returned instead of PCRE2_ERROR_NOMATCH. In other words, PCRE2_PAR-
- TIAL_SOFT specifies that the caller is prepared to handle a partial
+ tives. Only if no complete match can be found is PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL
+ returned instead of PCRE2_ERROR_NOMATCH. In other words, PCRE2_PAR-
+ TIAL_SOFT specifies that the caller is prepared to handle a partial
match, but only if no complete match can be found.
- If PCRE2_PARTIAL_HARD is set, it overrides PCRE2_PARTIAL_SOFT. In this
- case, if a partial match is found, pcre2_match() immediately returns
- PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL, without considering any other alternatives. In
+ If PCRE2_PARTIAL_HARD is set, it overrides PCRE2_PARTIAL_SOFT. In this
+ case, if a partial match is found, pcre2_match() immediately returns
+ PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL, without considering any other alternatives. In
other words, when PCRE2_PARTIAL_HARD is set, a partial match is consid-
ered to be more important that an alternative complete match.
@@ -2684,38 +2685,38 @@ MATCHING A PATTERN: THE TRADITIONAL FUNCTION
NEWLINE HANDLING WHEN MATCHING
- When PCRE2 is built, a default newline convention is set; this is usu-
- ally the standard convention for the operating system. The default can
- be overridden in a compile context by calling pcre2_set_newline(). It
- can also be overridden by starting a pattern string with, for example,
- (*CRLF), as described in the section on newline conventions in the
- pcre2pattern page. During matching, the newline choice affects the be-
- haviour of the dot, circumflex, and dollar metacharacters. It may also
- alter the way the match starting position is advanced after a match
+ When PCRE2 is built, a default newline convention is set; this is usu-
+ ally the standard convention for the operating system. The default can
+ be overridden in a compile context by calling pcre2_set_newline(). It
+ can also be overridden by starting a pattern string with, for example,
+ (*CRLF), as described in the section on newline conventions in the
+ pcre2pattern page. During matching, the newline choice affects the be-
+ haviour of the dot, circumflex, and dollar metacharacters. It may also
+ alter the way the match starting position is advanced after a match
failure for an unanchored pattern.
When PCRE2_NEWLINE_CRLF, PCRE2_NEWLINE_ANYCRLF, or PCRE2_NEWLINE_ANY is
- set as the newline convention, and a match attempt for an unanchored
+ set as the newline convention, and a match attempt for an unanchored
pattern fails when the current starting position is at a CRLF sequence,
- and the pattern contains no explicit matches for CR or LF characters,
- the match position is advanced by two characters instead of one, in
+ and the pattern contains no explicit matches for CR or LF characters,
+ the match position is advanced by two characters instead of one, in
other words, to after the CRLF.
The above rule is a compromise that makes the most common cases work as
- expected. For example, if the pattern is .+A (and the PCRE2_DOTALL op-
- tion is not set), it does not match the string "\r\nA" because, after
- failing at the start, it skips both the CR and the LF before retrying.
- However, the pattern [\r\n]A does match that string, because it con-
+ expected. For example, if the pattern is .+A (and the PCRE2_DOTALL op-
+ tion is not set), it does not match the string "\r\nA" because, after
+ failing at the start, it skips both the CR and the LF before retrying.
+ However, the pattern [\r\n]A does match that string, because it con-
tains an explicit CR or LF reference, and so advances only by one char-
acter after the first failure.
An explicit match for CR of LF is either a literal appearance of one of
- those characters in the pattern, or one of the \r or \n or equivalent
+ those characters in the pattern, or one of the \r or \n or equivalent
octal or hexadecimal escape sequences. Implicit matches such as [^X] do
- not count, nor does \s, even though it includes CR and LF in the char-
+ not count, nor does \s, even though it includes CR and LF in the char-
acters that it matches.
- Notwithstanding the above, anomalous effects may still occur when CRLF
+ Notwithstanding the above, anomalous effects may still occur when CRLF
is a valid newline sequence and explicit \r or \n escapes appear in the
pattern.
@@ -2726,82 +2727,82 @@ HOW PCRE2_MATCH() RETURNS A STRING AND CAPTURED SUBSTRINGS
PCRE2_SIZE *pcre2_get_ovector_pointer(pcre2_match_data *match_data);
- In general, a pattern matches a certain portion of the subject, and in
- addition, further substrings from the subject may be picked out by
- parenthesized parts of the pattern. Following the usage in Jeffrey
- Friedl's book, this is called "capturing" in what follows, and the
- phrase "capture group" (Perl terminology) is used for a fragment of a
- pattern that picks out a substring. PCRE2 supports several other kinds
+ In general, a pattern matches a certain portion of the subject, and in
+ addition, further substrings from the subject may be picked out by
+ parenthesized parts of the pattern. Following the usage in Jeffrey
+ Friedl's book, this is called "capturing" in what follows, and the
+ phrase "capture group" (Perl terminology) is used for a fragment of a
+ pattern that picks out a substring. PCRE2 supports several other kinds
of parenthesized group that do not cause substrings to be captured. The
- pcre2_pattern_info() function can be used to find out how many capture
+ pcre2_pattern_info() function can be used to find out how many capture
groups there are in a compiled pattern.
- You can use auxiliary functions for accessing captured substrings by
+ You can use auxiliary functions for accessing captured substrings by
number or by name, as described in sections below.
Alternatively, you can make direct use of the vector of PCRE2_SIZE val-
- ues, called the ovector, which contains the offsets of captured
- strings. It is part of the match data block. The function
- pcre2_get_ovector_pointer() returns the address of the ovector, and
+ ues, called the ovector, which contains the offsets of captured
+ strings. It is part of the match data block. The function
+ pcre2_get_ovector_pointer() returns the address of the ovector, and
pcre2_get_ovector_count() returns the number of pairs of values it con-
tains.
Within the ovector, the first in each pair of values is set to the off-
set of the first code unit of a substring, and the second is set to the
- offset of the first code unit after the end of a substring. These val-
- ues are always code unit offsets, not character offsets. That is, they
+ offset of the first code unit after the end of a substring. These val-
+ ues are always code unit offsets, not character offsets. That is, they
are byte offsets in the 8-bit library, 16-bit offsets in the 16-bit li-
brary, and 32-bit offsets in the 32-bit library.
- After a partial match (error return PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL), only the
- first pair of offsets (that is, ovector[0] and ovector[1]) are set.
- They identify the part of the subject that was partially matched. See
+ After a partial match (error return PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL), only the
+ first pair of offsets (that is, ovector[0] and ovector[1]) are set.
+ They identify the part of the subject that was partially matched. See
the pcre2partial documentation for details of partial matching.
- After a fully successful match, the first pair of offsets identifies
- the portion of the subject string that was matched by the entire pat-
- tern. The next pair is used for the first captured substring, and so
- on. The value returned by pcre2_match() is one more than the highest
- numbered pair that has been set. For example, if two substrings have
- been captured, the returned value is 3. If there are no captured sub-
+ After a fully successful match, the first pair of offsets identifies
+ the portion of the subject string that was matched by the entire pat-
+ tern. The next pair is used for the first captured substring, and so
+ on. The value returned by pcre2_match() is one more than the highest
+ numbered pair that has been set. For example, if two substrings have
+ been captured, the returned value is 3. If there are no captured sub-
strings, the return value from a successful match is 1, indicating that
just the first pair of offsets has been set.
- If a pattern uses the \K escape sequence within a positive assertion,
+ If a pattern uses the \K escape sequence within a positive assertion,
the reported start of a successful match can be greater than the end of
- the match. For example, if the pattern (?=ab\K) is matched against
+ the match. For example, if the pattern (?=ab\K) is matched against
"ab", the start and end offset values for the match are 2 and 0.
- If a capture group is matched repeatedly within a single match opera-
+ If a capture group is matched repeatedly within a single match opera-
tion, it is the last portion of the subject that it matched that is re-
turned.
If the ovector is too small to hold all the captured substring offsets,
- as much as possible is filled in, and the function returns a value of
- zero. If captured substrings are not of interest, pcre2_match() may be
+ as much as possible is filled in, and the function returns a value of
+ zero. If captured substrings are not of interest, pcre2_match() may be
called with a match data block whose ovector is of minimum length (that
is, one pair).
- It is possible for capture group number n+1 to match some part of the
- subject when group n has not been used at all. For example, if the
+ It is possible for capture group number n+1 to match some part of the
+ subject when group n has not been used at all. For example, if the
string "abc" is matched against the pattern (a|(z))(bc) the return from
- the function is 4, and groups 1 and 3 are matched, but 2 is not. When
- this happens, both values in the offset pairs corresponding to unused
+ the function is 4, and groups 1 and 3 are matched, but 2 is not. When
+ this happens, both values in the offset pairs corresponding to unused
groups are set to PCRE2_UNSET.
- Offset values that correspond to unused groups at the end of the ex-
- pression are also set to PCRE2_UNSET. For example, if the string "abc"
- is matched against the pattern (abc)(x(yz)?)? groups 2 and 3 are not
- matched. The return from the function is 2, because the highest used
- capture group number is 1. The offsets for for the second and third
- capture groupss (assuming the vector is large enough, of course) are
+ Offset values that correspond to unused groups at the end of the ex-
+ pression are also set to PCRE2_UNSET. For example, if the string "abc"
+ is matched against the pattern (abc)(x(yz)?)? groups 2 and 3 are not
+ matched. The return from the function is 2, because the highest used
+ capture group number is 1. The offsets for for the second and third
+ capture groupss (assuming the vector is large enough, of course) are
set to PCRE2_UNSET.
Elements in the ovector that do not correspond to capturing parentheses
in the pattern are never changed. That is, if a pattern contains n cap-
turing parentheses, no more than ovector[0] to ovector[2n+1] are set by
- pcre2_match(). The other elements retain whatever values they previ-
- ously had. After a failed match attempt, the contents of the ovector
+ pcre2_match(). The other elements retain whatever values they previ-
+ ously had. After a failed match attempt, the contents of the ovector
are unchanged.
@@ -2811,69 +2812,69 @@ OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT A MATCH
PCRE2_SIZE pcre2_get_startchar(pcre2_match_data *match_data);
- As well as the offsets in the ovector, other information about a match
- is retained in the match data block and can be retrieved by the above
- functions in appropriate circumstances. If they are called at other
+ As well as the offsets in the ovector, other information about a match
+ is retained in the match data block and can be retrieved by the above
+ functions in appropriate circumstances. If they are called at other
times, the result is undefined.
- After a successful match, a partial match (PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL), or a
- failure to match (PCRE2_ERROR_NOMATCH), a mark name may be available.
- The function pcre2_get_mark() can be called to access this name, which
- can be specified in the pattern by any of the backtracking control
+ After a successful match, a partial match (PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL), or a
+ failure to match (PCRE2_ERROR_NOMATCH), a mark name may be available.
+ The function pcre2_get_mark() can be called to access this name, which
+ can be specified in the pattern by any of the backtracking control
verbs, not just (*MARK). The same function applies to all the verbs. It
returns a pointer to the zero-terminated name, which is within the com-
piled pattern. If no name is available, NULL is returned. The length of
- the name (excluding the terminating zero) is stored in the code unit
- that precedes the name. You should use this length instead of relying
+ the name (excluding the terminating zero) is stored in the code unit
+ that precedes the name. You should use this length instead of relying
on the terminating zero if the name might contain a binary zero.
- After a successful match, the name that is returned is the last mark
+ After a successful match, the name that is returned is the last mark
name encountered on the matching path through the pattern. Instances of
- backtracking verbs without names do not count. Thus, for example, if
+ backtracking verbs without names do not count. Thus, for example, if
the matching path contains (*MARK:A)(*PRUNE), the name "A" is returned.
After a "no match" or a partial match, the last encountered name is re-
turned. For example, consider this pattern:
^(*MARK:A)((*MARK:B)a|b)c
- When it matches "bc", the returned name is A. The B mark is "seen" in
- the first branch of the group, but it is not on the matching path. On
- the other hand, when this pattern fails to match "bx", the returned
+ When it matches "bc", the returned name is A. The B mark is "seen" in
+ the first branch of the group, but it is not on the matching path. On
+ the other hand, when this pattern fails to match "bx", the returned
name is B.
- Warning: By default, certain start-of-match optimizations are used to
- give a fast "no match" result in some situations. For example, if the
- anchoring is removed from the pattern above, there is an initial check
- for the presence of "c" in the subject before running the matching en-
+ Warning: By default, certain start-of-match optimizations are used to
+ give a fast "no match" result in some situations. For example, if the
+ anchoring is removed from the pattern above, there is an initial check
+ for the presence of "c" in the subject before running the matching en-
gine. This check fails for "bx", causing a match failure without seeing
- any marks. You can disable the start-of-match optimizations by setting
- the PCRE2_NO_START_OPTIMIZE option for pcre2_compile() or by starting
+ any marks. You can disable the start-of-match optimizations by setting
+ the PCRE2_NO_START_OPTIMIZE option for pcre2_compile() or by starting
the pattern with (*NO_START_OPT).
- After a successful match, a partial match, or one of the invalid UTF
- errors (for example, PCRE2_ERROR_UTF8_ERR5), pcre2_get_startchar() can
+ After a successful match, a partial match, or one of the invalid UTF
+ errors (for example, PCRE2_ERROR_UTF8_ERR5), pcre2_get_startchar() can
be called. After a successful or partial match it returns the code unit
- offset of the character at which the match started. For a non-partial
- match, this can be different to the value of ovector[0] if the pattern
- contains the \K escape sequence. After a partial match, however, this
- value is always the same as ovector[0] because \K does not affect the
+ offset of the character at which the match started. For a non-partial
+ match, this can be different to the value of ovector[0] if the pattern
+ contains the \K escape sequence. After a partial match, however, this
+ value is always the same as ovector[0] because \K does not affect the
result of a partial match.
- After a UTF check failure, pcre2_get_startchar() can be used to obtain
+ After a UTF check failure, pcre2_get_startchar() can be used to obtain
the code unit offset of the invalid UTF character. Details are given in
the pcre2unicode page.
ERROR RETURNS FROM pcre2_match()
- If pcre2_match() fails, it returns a negative number. This can be con-
- verted to a text string by calling the pcre2_get_error_message() func-
- tion (see "Obtaining a textual error message" below). Negative error
- codes are also returned by other functions, and are documented with
- them. The codes are given names in the header file. If UTF checking is
+ If pcre2_match() fails, it returns a negative number. This can be con-
+ verted to a text string by calling the pcre2_get_error_message() func-
+ tion (see "Obtaining a textual error message" below). Negative error
+ codes are also returned by other functions, and are documented with
+ them. The codes are given names in the header file. If UTF checking is
in force and an invalid UTF subject string is detected, one of a number
- of UTF-specific negative error codes is returned. Details are given in
- the pcre2unicode page. The following are the other errors that may be
+ of UTF-specific negative error codes is returned. Details are given in
+ the pcre2unicode page. The following are the other errors that may be
returned by pcre2_match():
PCRE2_ERROR_NOMATCH
@@ -2882,20 +2883,20 @@ ERROR RETURNS FROM pcre2_match()
PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL
- The subject string did not match, but it did match partially. See the
+ The subject string did not match, but it did match partially. See the
pcre2partial documentation for details of partial matching.
PCRE2_ERROR_BADMAGIC
PCRE2 stores a 4-byte "magic number" at the start of the compiled code,
- to catch the case when it is passed a junk pointer. This is the error
+ to catch the case when it is passed a junk pointer. This is the error
that is returned when the magic number is not present.
PCRE2_ERROR_BADMODE
- This error is given when a compiled pattern is passed to a function in
- a library of a different code unit width, for example, a pattern com-
- piled by the 8-bit library is passed to a 16-bit or 32-bit library
+ This error is given when a compiled pattern is passed to a function in
+ a library of a different code unit width, for example, a pattern com-
+ piled by the 8-bit library is passed to a 16-bit or 32-bit library
function.
PCRE2_ERROR_BADOFFSET
@@ -2909,15 +2910,15 @@ ERROR RETURNS FROM pcre2_match()
PCRE2_ERROR_BADUTFOFFSET
The UTF code unit sequence that was passed as a subject was checked and
- found to be valid (the PCRE2_NO_UTF_CHECK option was not set), but the
- value of startoffset did not point to the beginning of a UTF character
+ found to be valid (the PCRE2_NO_UTF_CHECK option was not set), but the
+ value of startoffset did not point to the beginning of a UTF character
or the end of the subject.
PCRE2_ERROR_CALLOUT
- This error is never generated by pcre2_match() itself. It is provided
- for use by callout functions that want to cause pcre2_match() or
- pcre2_callout_enumerate() to return a distinctive error code. See the
+ This error is never generated by pcre2_match() itself. It is provided
+ for use by callout functions that want to cause pcre2_match() or
+ pcre2_callout_enumerate() to return a distinctive error code. See the
pcre2callout documentation for details.
PCRE2_ERROR_DEPTHLIMIT
@@ -2930,14 +2931,14 @@ ERROR RETURNS FROM pcre2_match()
PCRE2_ERROR_INTERNAL
- An unexpected internal error has occurred. This error could be caused
+ An unexpected internal error has occurred. This error could be caused
by a bug in PCRE2 or by overwriting of the compiled pattern.
PCRE2_ERROR_JIT_STACKLIMIT
This error is returned when a pattern that was successfully studied us-
ing JIT is being matched, but the memory available for the just-in-time
- processing stack is not large enough. See the pcre2jit documentation
+ processing stack is not large enough. See the pcre2jit documentation
for more details.
PCRE2_ERROR_MATCHLIMIT
@@ -2946,11 +2947,11 @@ ERROR RETURNS FROM pcre2_match()
PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY
- If a pattern contains many nested backtracking points, heap memory is
- used to remember them. This error is given when the memory allocation
- function (default or custom) fails. Note that a different error,
- PCRE2_ERROR_HEAPLIMIT, is given if the amount of memory needed exceeds
- the heap limit. PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY is also returned if
+ If a pattern contains many nested backtracking points, heap memory is
+ used to remember them. This error is given when the memory allocation
+ function (default or custom) fails. Note that a different error,
+ PCRE2_ERROR_HEAPLIMIT, is given if the amount of memory needed exceeds
+ the heap limit. PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY is also returned if
PCRE2_COPY_MATCHED_SUBJECT is set and memory allocation fails.
PCRE2_ERROR_NULL
@@ -2959,12 +2960,12 @@ ERROR RETURNS FROM pcre2_match()
PCRE2_ERROR_RECURSELOOP
- This error is returned when pcre2_match() detects a recursion loop
- within the pattern. Specifically, it means that either the whole pat-
+ This error is returned when pcre2_match() detects a recursion loop
+ within the pattern. Specifically, it means that either the whole pat-
tern or a capture group has been called recursively for the second time
- at the same position in the subject string. Some simple patterns that
- might do this are detected and faulted at compile time, but more com-
- plicated cases, in particular mutual recursions between two different
+ at the same position in the subject string. Some simple patterns that
+ might do this are detected and faulted at compile time, but more com-
+ plicated cases, in particular mutual recursions between two different
groups, cannot be detected until matching is attempted.
@@ -2973,20 +2974,20 @@ OBTAINING A TEXTUAL ERROR MESSAGE
int pcre2_get_error_message(int errorcode, PCRE2_UCHAR *buffer,
PCRE2_SIZE bufflen);
- A text message for an error code from any PCRE2 function (compile,
- match, or auxiliary) can be obtained by calling pcre2_get_error_mes-
- sage(). The code is passed as the first argument, with the remaining
- two arguments specifying a code unit buffer and its length in code
- units, into which the text message is placed. The message is returned
- in code units of the appropriate width for the library that is being
+ A text message for an error code from any PCRE2 function (compile,
+ match, or auxiliary) can be obtained by calling pcre2_get_error_mes-
+ sage(). The code is passed as the first argument, with the remaining
+ two arguments specifying a code unit buffer and its length in code
+ units, into which the text message is placed. The message is returned
+ in code units of the appropriate width for the library that is being
used.
- The returned message is terminated with a trailing zero, and the func-
- tion returns the number of code units used, excluding the trailing
+ The returned message is terminated with a trailing zero, and the func-
+ tion returns the number of code units used, excluding the trailing
zero. If the error number is unknown, the negative error code PCRE2_ER-
- ROR_BADDATA is returned. If the buffer is too small, the message is
+ ROR_BADDATA is returned. If the buffer is too small, the message is
truncated (but still with a trailing zero), and the negative error code
- PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY is returned. None of the messages are very long;
+ PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY is returned. None of the messages are very long;
a buffer size of 120 code units is ample.
@@ -3005,39 +3006,39 @@ EXTRACTING CAPTURED SUBSTRINGS BY NUMBER
void pcre2_substring_free(PCRE2_UCHAR *buffer);
- Captured substrings can be accessed directly by using the ovector as
+ Captured substrings can be accessed directly by using the ovector as
described above. For convenience, auxiliary functions are provided for
- extracting captured substrings as new, separate, zero-terminated
+ extracting captured substrings as new, separate, zero-terminated
strings. A substring that contains a binary zero is correctly extracted
- and has a further zero added on the end, but the result is not, of
+ and has a further zero added on the end, but the result is not, of
course, a C string.
The functions in this section identify substrings by number. The number
zero refers to the entire matched substring, with higher numbers refer-
- ring to substrings captured by parenthesized groups. After a partial
- match, only substring zero is available. An attempt to extract any
- other substring gives the error PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL. The next section
+ ring to substrings captured by parenthesized groups. After a partial
+ match, only substring zero is available. An attempt to extract any
+ other substring gives the error PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL. The next section
describes similar functions for extracting captured substrings by name.
- If a pattern uses the \K escape sequence within a positive assertion,
+ If a pattern uses the \K escape sequence within a positive assertion,
the reported start of a successful match can be greater than the end of
- the match. For example, if the pattern (?=ab\K) is matched against
- "ab", the start and end offset values for the match are 2 and 0. In
- this situation, calling these functions with a zero substring number
+ the match. For example, if the pattern (?=ab\K) is matched against
+ "ab", the start and end offset values for the match are 2 and 0. In
+ this situation, calling these functions with a zero substring number
extracts a zero-length empty string.
- You can find the length in code units of a captured substring without
- extracting it by calling pcre2_substring_length_bynumber(). The first
- argument is a pointer to the match data block, the second is the group
- number, and the third is a pointer to a variable into which the length
- is placed. If you just want to know whether or not the substring has
+ You can find the length in code units of a captured substring without
+ extracting it by calling pcre2_substring_length_bynumber(). The first
+ argument is a pointer to the match data block, the second is the group
+ number, and the third is a pointer to a variable into which the length
+ is placed. If you just want to know whether or not the substring has
been captured, you can pass the third argument as NULL.
- The pcre2_substring_copy_bynumber() function copies a captured sub-
- string into a supplied buffer, whereas pcre2_substring_get_bynumber()
- copies it into new memory, obtained using the same memory allocation
- function that was used for the match data block. The first two argu-
- ments of these functions are a pointer to the match data block and a
+ The pcre2_substring_copy_bynumber() function copies a captured sub-
+ string into a supplied buffer, whereas pcre2_substring_get_bynumber()
+ copies it into new memory, obtained using the same memory allocation
+ function that was used for the match data block. The first two argu-
+ ments of these functions are a pointer to the match data block and a
capture group number.
The final arguments of pcre2_substring_copy_bynumber() are a pointer to
@@ -3046,25 +3047,25 @@ EXTRACTING CAPTURED SUBSTRINGS BY NUMBER
for the extracted substring, excluding the terminating zero.
For pcre2_substring_get_bynumber() the third and fourth arguments point
- to variables that are updated with a pointer to the new memory and the
- number of code units that comprise the substring, again excluding the
- terminating zero. When the substring is no longer needed, the memory
+ to variables that are updated with a pointer to the new memory and the
+ number of code units that comprise the substring, again excluding the
+ terminating zero. When the substring is no longer needed, the memory
should be freed by calling pcre2_substring_free().
- The return value from all these functions is zero for success, or a
- negative error code. If the pattern match failed, the match failure
- code is returned. If a substring number greater than zero is used af-
- ter a partial match, PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL is returned. Other possible
+ The return value from all these functions is zero for success, or a
+ negative error code. If the pattern match failed, the match failure
+ code is returned. If a substring number greater than zero is used af-
+ ter a partial match, PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL is returned. Other possible
error codes are:
PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY
- The buffer was too small for pcre2_substring_copy_bynumber(), or the
+ The buffer was too small for pcre2_substring_copy_bynumber(), or the
attempt to get memory failed for pcre2_substring_get_bynumber().
PCRE2_ERROR_NOSUBSTRING
- There is no substring with that number in the pattern, that is, the
+ There is no substring with that number in the pattern, that is, the
number is greater than the number of capturing parentheses.
PCRE2_ERROR_UNAVAILABLE
@@ -3075,8 +3076,8 @@ EXTRACTING CAPTURED SUBSTRINGS BY NUMBER
PCRE2_ERROR_UNSET
- The substring did not participate in the match. For example, if the
- pattern is (abc)|(def) and the subject is "def", and the ovector con-
+ The substring did not participate in the match. For example, if the
+ pattern is (abc)|(def) and the subject is "def", and the ovector con-
tains at least two capturing slots, substring number 1 is unset.
@@ -3087,31 +3088,31 @@ EXTRACTING A LIST OF ALL CAPTURED SUBSTRINGS
void pcre2_substring_list_free(PCRE2_SPTR *list);
- The pcre2_substring_list_get() function extracts all available sub-
- strings and builds a list of pointers to them. It also (optionally)
- builds a second list that contains their lengths (in code units), ex-
- cluding a terminating zero that is added to each of them. All this is
+ The pcre2_substring_list_get() function extracts all available sub-
+ strings and builds a list of pointers to them. It also (optionally)
+ builds a second list that contains their lengths (in code units), ex-
+ cluding a terminating zero that is added to each of them. All this is
done in a single block of memory that is obtained using the same memory
allocation function that was used to get the match data block.
- This function must be called only after a successful match. If called
+ This function must be called only after a successful match. If called
after a partial match, the error code PCRE2_ERROR_PARTIAL is returned.
- The address of the memory block is returned via listptr, which is also
+ The address of the memory block is returned via listptr, which is also
the start of the list of string pointers. The end of the list is marked
- by a NULL pointer. The address of the list of lengths is returned via
- lengthsptr. If your strings do not contain binary zeros and you do not
+ by a NULL pointer. The address of the list of lengths is returned via
+ lengthsptr. If your strings do not contain binary zeros and you do not
therefore need the lengths, you may supply NULL as the lengthsptr argu-
- ment to disable the creation of a list of lengths. The yield of the
- function is zero if all went well, or PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY if the mem-
- ory block could not be obtained. When the list is no longer needed, it
+ ment to disable the creation of a list of lengths. The yield of the
+ function is zero if all went well, or PCRE2_ERROR_NOMEMORY if the mem-
+ ory block could not be obtained. When the list is no longer needed, it
should be freed by calling pcre2_substring_list_free().
If this function encounters a substring that is unset, which can happen
- when capture group number n+1 matches some part of the subject, but
- group n has not been used at all, it returns an empty string. This can
+ when capture group number n+1 matches some part of the subject, but
+ group n has not been used at all, it returns an empty string. This can
be distinguished from a genuine zero-length substring by inspecting the
- appropriate offset in the ovector, which contain PCRE2_UNSET for unset
+ appropriate offset in the ovector, which contain PCRE2_UNSET for unset
substrings, or by calling pcre2_substring_length_bynumber().
@@ -3131,7 +3132,7 @@ EXTRACTING CAPTURED SUBSTRINGS BY NAME
void pcre2_substring_free(PCRE2_UCHAR *buffer);
- To extract a substring by name, you first have to find associated num-
+ To extract a substring by name, you first have to find associated num-
ber. For example, for this pattern:
(a+)b(?