cppcheck/lib/checkautovariables.cpp

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/*
* Cppcheck - A tool for static C/C++ code analysis
* Copyright (C) 2007-2011 Daniel Marjamäki and Cppcheck team.
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Auto variables checks
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "checkautovariables.h"
#include "symboldatabase.h"
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Register this check class into cppcheck by creating a static instance of it..
namespace
{
static CheckAutoVariables instance;
}
// _callStack used when parsing into subfunctions.
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bool CheckAutoVariables::errorAv(const Token* left, const Token* right)
{
if (fp_list.find(left->str()) == fp_list.end())
{
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return false;
}
return isAutoVar(right->varId());
}
bool CheckAutoVariables::isAutoVar(unsigned int varId)
{
if (varId == 0)
{
return false;
}
return (vd_list.find(varId) != vd_list.end());
}
bool CheckAutoVariables::isAutoVarArray(unsigned int varId)
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{
if (varId == 0)
{
return false;
}
return (vda_list.find(varId) != vda_list.end());
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}
void print(const Token *tok, int num)
{
const Token *t = tok;
std::cout << tok->linenr() << " PRINT ";
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
std::cout << " [" << t->str() << "] ";
t = t->next();
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
bool isTypeName(const Token *tok)
{
bool ret = false;
const std::string _str(tok->str());
static const char * const type[] = {"case", "return", "delete", 0};
for (int i = 0; type[i]; i++)
{
ret |= (_str == type[i]);
}
return !ret;
}
bool isExternOrStatic(const Token *tok)
{
bool res = false;
if (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-1), "extern|static"))
{
res = true;
}
else if (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "extern|static"))
{
res = true;
}
else if (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-3), "extern|static"))
{
res = true;
}
//std::cout << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " " << tok->str() << " " << res << std::endl;
return res;
}
void CheckAutoVariables::addVD(unsigned int varId)
{
if (varId > 0)
{
vd_list.insert(varId);
}
}
void CheckAutoVariables::addVDA(unsigned int varId)
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{
if (varId > 0)
{
vda_list.insert(varId);
}
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}
void CheckAutoVariables::autoVariables()
{
const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = _tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
std::list<Scope>::const_iterator scope;
for (scope = symbolDatabase->scopeList.begin(); scope != symbolDatabase->scopeList.end(); ++scope)
{
// only check functions
if (scope->type != Scope::eFunction)
continue;
fp_list.clear();
vd_list.clear();
vda_list.clear();
const Token *tok = scope->classDef->next();
for (; tok && tok != scope->classDef->next()->link(); tok = tok->next())
{
if (Token::Match(tok, "%type% * * %var%"))
{
fp_list.insert(tok->tokAt(3)->str());
}
else if (Token::Match(tok, "%type% * %var% ["))
{
fp_list.insert(tok->tokAt(2)->str());
}
}
unsigned int indentlevel = 0;
// Which variables have an unknown type?
std::set<unsigned int> unknown_type;
for (tok = scope->classDef->next()->link(); tok; tok = tok->next())
{
// indentlevel..
if (tok->str() == "{")
++indentlevel;
else if (tok->str() == "}")
{
if (indentlevel <= 1)
break;
--indentlevel;
}
// Inside a function body
if (Token::Match(tok, "%type% :: %any%") && !isExternOrStatic(tok))
{
addVD(tok->tokAt(2)->varId());
}
else if (Token::Match(tok, "%type% %var% ["))
{
addVDA(tok->next()->varId());
}
else if (Token::Match(tok, "%var% %var% ;") && !isExternOrStatic(tok) && isTypeName(tok))
{
addVD(tok->next()->varId());
if (!tok->isStandardType() &&
!symbolDatabase->isClassOrStruct(tok->str()))
{
unknown_type.insert(tok->next()->varId());
}
}
else if (Token::Match(tok, "const %var% %var% ;") && !isExternOrStatic(tok) && isTypeName(tok->next()))
{
addVD(tok->tokAt(2)->varId());
}
//Critical assignment
else if (Token::Match(tok, "[;{}] %var% = & %var%") && errorAv(tok->tokAt(1), tok->tokAt(4)))
{
errorAutoVariableAssignment(tok);
}
else if (Token::Match(tok, "[;{}] * %var% = & %var%") && errorAv(tok->tokAt(2), tok->tokAt(5)) &&
unknown_type.find(tok->tokAt(5)->varId()) == unknown_type.end())
{
errorAutoVariableAssignment(tok);
}
else if (Token::Match(tok, "[;{}] %var% [ %any% ] = & %var%") && errorAv(tok->tokAt(1), tok->tokAt(7)))
{
errorAutoVariableAssignment(tok);
}
// Critical return
else if (Token::Match(tok, "return & %var% ;") && isAutoVar(tok->tokAt(2)->varId()))
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "autoVariables", "Return of the address of an auto-variable");
}
// Invalid pointer deallocation
else if (Token::Match(tok, "free ( %var% ) ;") && isAutoVarArray(tok->tokAt(2)->varId()))
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "autoVariables", "Invalid deallocation");
}
}
vd_list.clear();
vda_list.clear();
fp_list.clear();
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckAutoVariables::returnPointerToLocalArray()
{
const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = _tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
std::list<Scope>::const_iterator scope;
for (scope = symbolDatabase->scopeList.begin(); scope != symbolDatabase->scopeList.end(); ++scope)
{
// only check functions
if (scope->type != Scope::eFunction)
continue;
const Token *tok = scope->classDef;
// skip any qualification
while (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "%type% ::"))
tok = tok->tokAt(-2);
// have we reached a function that returns a pointer
if (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "%type% *"))
{
// go to the '('
const Token *tok2 = scope->classDef->next();
// go to the ')'
tok2 = tok2->next()->link();
unsigned int indentlevel = 0;
for (; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
// indentlevel..
if (tok2->str() == "{")
++indentlevel;
else if (tok2->str() == "}")
{
if (indentlevel <= 1)
break;
--indentlevel;
}
// Return pointer to local array variable..
if (Token::Match(tok2, "return %var% ;"))
{
const unsigned int varid = tok2->next()->varId();
const Variable *var = symbolDatabase->getVariableFromVarId(varid);
if (var && var->isLocal() && !var->isStatic() && var->isArray())
{
errorReturnPointerToLocalArray(tok2);
}
}
}
}
}
}
void CheckAutoVariables::errorReturnPointerToLocalArray(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "returnLocalVariable", "Returning pointer to local array variable");
}
void CheckAutoVariables::errorAutoVariableAssignment(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "autoVariables",
"Assigning address of local auto-variable to a function parameter.\n"
"Dangerous assignment - function parameter takes the address of a local "
"auto-variable. Local auto-variables are reserved from the stack. And the "
"stack is freed when the function ends. So the pointer to a local variable "
"is invalid after the function ends.");
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// return temporary?
bool CheckAutoVariables::returnTemporary(const Token *tok) const
{
if (!Token::Match(tok, "return %var% ("))
return false;
return bool(0 != Token::findmatch(_tokenizer->tokens(), ("std :: string " + tok->next()->str() + " (").c_str()));
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CheckAutoVariables::returnReference()
{
const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = _tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
std::list<Scope>::const_iterator scope;
for (scope = symbolDatabase->scopeList.begin(); scope != symbolDatabase->scopeList.end(); ++scope)
{
// only check functions
if (scope->type != Scope::eFunction)
continue;
const Token *tok = scope->classDef;
// skip any qualification
while (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "%type% ::"))
tok = tok->tokAt(-2);
// have we reached a function that returns a reference?
if (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "%type% &") ||
Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "> &"))
{
// go to the '('
const Token *tok2 = scope->classDef->next();
// go to the ')'
tok2 = tok2->link();
unsigned int indentlevel = 0;
for (; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
// indentlevel..
if (tok2->str() == "{")
++indentlevel;
else if (tok2->str() == "}")
{
if (indentlevel <= 1)
break;
--indentlevel;
}
// return..
if (Token::Match(tok2, "return %var% ;"))
{
// is the returned variable a local variable?
const unsigned int varid = tok2->next()->varId();
const Variable *var = symbolDatabase->getVariableFromVarId(varid);
if (var && var->isLocal() && !var->isStatic())
{
// report error..
errorReturnReference(tok2);
}
}
// return reference to temporary..
else if (returnTemporary(tok2))
{
// report error..
errorReturnTempReference(tok2);
}
}
}
}
}
void CheckAutoVariables::errorReturnReference(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "returnReference", "Returning reference to auto variable");
}
void CheckAutoVariables::errorReturnTempReference(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "returnTempReference", "Returning reference to temporary");
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Return c_str
void CheckAutoVariables::returncstr()
{
// locate function that returns a const char *..
const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = _tokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();
std::list<Scope>::const_iterator scope;
for (scope = symbolDatabase->scopeList.begin(); scope != symbolDatabase->scopeList.end(); ++scope)
{
// only check functions
if (scope->type != Scope::eFunction)
continue;
const Token *tok = scope->classDef;
// skip any qualification
while (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "%type% ::"))
tok = tok->tokAt(-2);
// have we reached a function that returns a const char *
if (Token::simpleMatch(tok->tokAt(-3), "const char *"))
{
// go to the '('
const Token *tok2 = scope->classDef->next();
// go to the ')'
tok2 = tok2->next()->link();
unsigned int indentlevel = 0;
for (; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next())
{
// indentlevel..
if (tok2->str() == "{")
++indentlevel;
else if (tok2->str() == "}")
{
if (indentlevel <= 1)
break;
--indentlevel;
}
// return..
if (Token::Match(tok2, "return %var% . c_str ( ) ;"))
{
// is the returned variable a local variable?
const unsigned int varid = tok2->next()->varId();
const Variable *var = symbolDatabase->getVariableFromVarId(varid);
if (var && var->isLocal() && !var->isStatic())
{
// report error..
errorReturnAutocstr(tok2);
}
}
// return pointer to temporary..
else if (returnTemporary(tok2))
{
// report error..
errorReturnTempPointer(tok2);
}
}
}
}
}
void CheckAutoVariables::errorReturnAutocstr(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "returnAutocstr", "Returning pointer to auto variable");
}
void CheckAutoVariables::errorReturnTempPointer(const Token *tok)
{
reportError(tok, Severity::error, "returnTempPointer", "Returning pointer to temporary");
}